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Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis and Treatment Outcomes of Snake Bite Cases: A Hospital-Based Study

Srinivasa Reddy P, Bhawana S., Srinivasa Reddy P, Devendra Prasad K.J.

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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 19(2):p 153-157, April - June 2026. | DOI: 10.21088/ijfmp.0974.3383.19226.5

How Cite This Article:

Satish Nibedan, Bhawana S., Srinivasa Reddy P. et al. Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis and Treatment Outcomes of Snake Bite Cases: A Hospital-Based Study. Indian J Forensic Med Pathol. 2026; 19(2): 153-157

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Received : January 30, 2026         Accepted : March 25, 2026          Published : June 30, 2026

Abstract

Context: Snake bite is a significant health hazard in tropical regions, particularly affecting rural populations engaged in agriculture. Objectives: To evaluate the demographic profile, clinical features, and outcomes of snake bite victims treated at a tertiary care hospital in southern India. Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed medical records of 51 snake bite cases admitted from September 2023 to November 2024. Data collected included age, gender, residence type, bite location, clinical features, complications, antivenom use, and patient outcomes. Statistical Analysis: Data were summarized using descriptive statistical measures including counts, proportions, mean values, and minimum–maximum distribution Results: Mean age was 35.2 years with 67% male predominance. Eighty percent were from rural areas. Pain (98%) and swelling (84.31%) were the main symptoms. Antivenom was given to 68.62% of patients. The mortality rate was 5.88%, with 94.11% patients surviving. Conclusion: Early hospital access, prompt antivenom administration, and supportive care significantly reduce snake bite mortality. Strengthening rural healthcare systems and community awareness are essential for better outcomes.


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Data Sharing Statement

There are no additional data available. All raw data and code are available upon request.

Funding

This research received no funding.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed significantly to the work and approve its publication.

Ethics Declaration

This article does not involve any human or animal subjects, and therefore does not require ethics approval.

Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to the patients, their families, and all those who have contributed to this study.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.


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Cite this article

Satish Nibedan, Bhawana S., Srinivasa Reddy P. et al. Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis and Treatment Outcomes of Snake Bite Cases: A Hospital-Based Study. Indian J Forensic Med Pathol. 2026; 19(2): 153-157


Licence:

Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.


Received Accepted Published
January 30, 2026 March 25, 2026 June 30, 2026

DOI: 10.21088/ijfmp.0974.3383.19226.5

Keywords

AntivenomClinical featuresEpidemiologyHemotoxic envenomationSnake bite

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Received January 30, 2026
Accepted March 25, 2026
Published June 30, 2026

licence


Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.


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