Abstract

Blood transfusion has been a life-saving medical practice for centuries, with its roots dating back to the 17th century. This article delves into the components of blood and the intricate process of blood transfusion, shedding light on the indispensable role that nurses play in ensuring its success. Blood comprises various components, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and plasma. Each of these elements serves distinct functions and requires specific transfusion protocols. The transfusion process is a highly regulated series of steps, starting with patient assessment and the selection of compatible donor blood. Nurses, as essential stakeholders in this process, carry out patient assessment, facilitate communication, verify compatibility, monitor the transfusion, and maintain meticulous documentation. Their roles extend beyond the technical aspects, encompassing patient advocacy, quality control, continual education, transfusion reaction management, emotional support, collaboration, patient monitoring, adherence to standards, and emergency response.The article also discusses critical topics related to blood transfusions, such as leukoreduction, irradiated blood products, graft-versus-host disease, and volume-reduced blood components.

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