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Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice

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Prevalence of Oral Premalignant and Malignant Lesions in Tertiary Health Care Centre, Central India: A Retrospective Study

Bharat U. Patil, Assistant Professor, Department of Pahology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra 442102, India. , Hidayatulla R. Khan1 , Bharat U. Patil2 , Nitin M. Gangane3

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Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice 7(10):p 1057-1061, October 2018. | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148X.71018.2

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Abstract

Introduction: Oral cancer is a grave health menace in the world and India being a developing nation is not an exception to it. In India, diagnosis is often made at later stages resulting in lower treatment outcomes and considerable costs which are unaffordable to the patients. India is a country of rural mass. Rural areas in India have limited health services and inadequate access to trained health providers. This results in a delay in diagnosis, ultimately leading to advanced stages of oral cancer. Material and methods: This is a hospital-based retrospective study conducted at MGIMS Sevagram from 2013 to 2017. Data were manually retrieved year wise with reference to age, sex, the site involved and histopathological findings. Results: A total of 463 cases were reviewed. Of these, 47 cases were premalignant, 416 were malignant cases. The gum was the most frequently involved site followed by tongue and cheeks. Leukoplakia was the commonest premalignant lesions while in the malignant group, squamous cell carcinoma was most prevalent. Conclusion: Identification of premalignant and malignant disorders is an initial step to implement preventive and curative measures. It will help in reducing the mortality and morbidity of  the concerned potentially malignant lesions. Innovative ideas for changing the mindset of people at risk should be promoted to reduce the use of tobacco-related products in and around the local place which would decrease the usage of the product and overall might reduce the disease prevalence and severity of the oral premalignant and malignant lesions. 
 
Keywords: Premalignant; Malignant; Prevalence

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148X.71018.2

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