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Anatomical Variants of Foramen Transversarium in Dried Cervical Vertebrae and Its Applied Importance

Roopali D. Nikumbh, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, JMF’s ACPM Medical college, Dhule, Maharashtra-424001, India. , Roopali D. Nikumbh1 , Anjali N. Wanjari2 , Dhiraj B. Nikumbh3

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Indian Journal of Anatomy 6(3):p 349-353, Jul-Sep 2017. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.6317.18

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Abstract

Background: The unique identity of cervical vertebrae is the presence of foramen transversarium in their transverse processes. Foramen transversarium (FT) differentiate cervical vertebrae from other vertebrae. It transmits vertebral artery, vertebral vein and sympathetic nerves from inferior cervical ganglion. Variations in number and size of FT of the cervical vertebrae may lead to headache, migraine and fainting attacks due to compression of vertebral artery. Objective: To study anatomical variants of foramen transversarium in dried cervical vertebrae and its applied importance. Material &Methods: The present study was conducted on 65dry human cervical vertebra of unknown age and sex in the Department of Anatomy, ACPM Medical College, Dhule. This was an observational study over a period of six months from August 2016 to Jan 2017.All the cervical vertebrae were observed macroscopically for the presence of double foramen transversarium on both sides and the results were analyzed and compared with other studies. Results: Double foramen transversarium was seen in 12 (18.5%) cervical vertebra out of total 65 vertebra studied. Out of 12 double FT, unilateral double FT was noted in 07 (58.3%) and bilateral double FT was seen in 05(41.7%) of cervical vertebra. Regular foramen was larger than accessory foramen.Conclusion: Anatomical variants of FT leads to various clinical symptoms and pathological conditions. Thorough knowledge of FT variants is helpful for neurosurgeons while operating and preventing injury to vertebral vessels in the spinal region and the radiologists for proper diagnosis.

 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.6317.18

Keywords

Variants; Foramen Transversarium; Cervical Vertebra; Vertebral Vessels. 

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