Abstract

Introduction: Female breast lesions are much more common than lesions of the male breast, which is seldom affected. The lesions are usually present in the form of palpable lump, sometimes painful, nodules or masses. Accurate and timely diagnosis of a breast lump can prevent anxiety of the patient and also early intervention can be life saving. Carcinoma breast is the most common and deadly malignancy of women globally. Each year, 1.7 million women are diagnosed with breast lesions and one in three die of the disease. It is the most common cancer among women in India accounting for 27% of all cancers in women. Objective: 1 To study the spectrum of benign and malignant breast lesions. 2 To identify the most common age group and type of breast lesion. Materials and method: 100 cases of neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions of the breast were evaluated from Jan 2018 to Jan 2020 which were sent to the department of Pathology, The Oxford Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka. Specimens were fixed in 10% Formalin. Specimens were grossed, processed, sectioned and stained using routine Haematoxylin and Eosin and were observed under microscope. Result: Out of the 100 resected specimens, 4 cases were non neoplastic, 79 were benign and 17 cases were malignant. Fibroadenoma was most common (44%) benign lesion and Invasive ductal carcinoma – No Special Type (NST 14%) was the most common malignant breast lesion. Other uncommon lesions like Tubular adenoma, blunt duct adenosis with columnar cell hyperplasia and Papillary Carcinoma were also seen. Conclusion: In differentiating benign, in situ, borderline and malignant breast lesions, histopathogical examination is the mainstay of accurate and confirmatory diagnosis. It helps in assessing the risk of the patient in developing cancer and appropriate treatment plan for each case.

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