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Review Article

Toxicological Evaluation of Agrochemicals on Fish: A Review

Susheel Kumar, Menka Pathak, Akshima Vasishta, Jyoti ,, Atul Kumar, Sheetal Pal, Sourobhi Datta

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Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

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Red Flower's Journal of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology 11(1):p 20-30, Jan-June 2025. | DOI: 10.21088/jfct.2454.9363.11125.3

How Cite This Article:

Kumar S, et al. Toxicological Evaluation of Agrochemicals on Fish: A Review. J Forensic Chem Toxicol. 2025;11(1):20-30.

Timeline

Received : March 24, 2025         Accepted : May 17, 2025          Published : June 12, 2025

Abstract

The success of green revolution not only backs on the uses of high yielding variety of crops but also on the pest control methods all over the world. A new epoch of pest control begins with the discovery of pesticide like DDT and Lindane in 1940, it takes almost three decades for us to realize the deleterious effect of these compoundon oraandfaunaonearth,butbythattimea ushofnewsynthetic pesticide comes in use with very few long-term studies on their impact of nature. Themainproblemofuseofpesticideisthataveryfewaretheretobespeci cfor a selected pest, and in consequences many other forms of life frequently fall victim oftheiraction.Pesticideusenotonlyaffectsthebiodiversityof eldsbutseverely changethenatureofouraquaticlife.Fishengageinrecreationanimperativejob in nutrient cycles because they store a large percentage of ecosystem nutrients in their tissues (Approx. 15-40%) (Kotillaetall 2012), transport nutrients farther than other aquatic animals and excrete nutrients in dissolved forms that are willingly availabletochiefproducers.Althoughthein uenceof shpopulationsonfood web structures, nutrient recycling, and productivity is well documented, little is knownabouttheeffectsontheecosystemofareductioninthe shspeciesrichness. It isconsequentlyof signi cant importancetoevaluatethepossible impactsof ongoing decreasesin shvariety. Aquatic life is very sensitive to a wide variety of pesticide, chemical and toxic conditions may arise, not only from the spillage or deliberate discharge of these chemicals into rivers and lakes, but also from many applications outside agriculture, such as silviculture (the growing and cultivation of trees), horticulture orpublichealth,canalsoleadto adetrimentalin uenceon shpopulations. The current review will focus on the routes of contamination of pesticides in aquatic systems. Pesticides cancreateagreateconomicloss by sh deathrate ononehand andontheotherhandaddthemun tforhuman andanimalconsumption.These contaminated shar every harmful for those who consume these infected fishes.


References

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Data Sharing Statement

There are no additional data available. All raw data and code are available upon request.

Funding

This research received no funding.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed significantly to the work and approve its publication.

Ethics Declaration

This article does not involve any human or animal subjects, and therefore does not require ethics approval.

Acknowledgements

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Conflicts of Interest

No conflicts of interest in this work.


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Cite this article

Kumar S, et al. Toxicological Evaluation of Agrochemicals on Fish: A Review. J Forensic Chem Toxicol. 2025;11(1):20-30.


Licence:

Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.


Received Accepted Published
March 24, 2025 May 17, 2025 June 12, 2025

DOI: 10.21088/jfct.2454.9363.11125.3

Keywords

Aquatic ecosystemPesticidesLethal concentrationImmune system

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Received March 24, 2025
Accepted May 17, 2025
Published June 12, 2025

licence


Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.


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