Red Flower's Journal of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology

Handwriting is a real method for shows the presences feeling and requirements, which influence with the skills and academic achievement. The hand and the skills of hand if right hand or right hand influence with the degree of Skill mastery. In this work the skills of writing by right or left hand was tested with two languages which is Arabic and English. The compare not only in the nature of writing with skills the persons but also the direction of writing which influence with the slant of writing hand. Most of concerning was the writing with left hand as case study with right hand as standard sample with two languages for 5 persons who’s the native languages are Arabic. The results show that left hand was influence with the direction of writing when tested with English languages which did not change with Arabic languages.

Background: Aluminium phosphide (AlP), marketed as Celphos, is a potent fumigant critical for grain storage. Despite regulatory restrictions, illicit household use has led to an epidemic of suicides and accidental deaths in Asia, with mortality rates exceeding 70%. This review examines medicolegal challenges under India›s new criminal codes (BNS/BNSS). Methods: A synthesis of case reports, legislative frameworks (Insecticides Act 1968, BNS 2023, BNSS 2023, Environmental Protection Act), and judicial precedents (e.g., Et al), augmented by AI analysis of clinical, epidemiological, and legal data. Results: AlP poisoning remains predominantly suicidal (0.15–0.5g lethal), driven by clandestine sales to unlicensed users. Regulatory ambiguities in pouchformulation sales persist. Manufacturers/dealers face enhanced criminal/civil liability under multiple statutes for misbranding or negligent distribution under BNS 2023. Police must trace poison sources under BNSS Sections 194/106, while victim families claim compensation via absolute liability torts or Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991. Conclusion: Strengthening enforcement of sales restrictions, Harmonizing regulations with BNS/BNSS mandates, enforcing dealer accountability, and applying absolute liability are critical to reduce the deaths due to AlP poisoning. Medicolegal protocols must prioritize source-tracing and victim compensation under new criminal codes.

Aim: Pesticide exposure poses significant public health risks due to environmental persistence, toxicity, and increasing cases of self-harm through pesticide ingestion. This review evaluates hair as a non-invasive matrix for pesticide biomonitoring, focusing on commonly detected pesticides, extraction and analytical techniques, and recent advancements for improved sensitivity and accuracy. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on pesticide detection in hair, analyzing extraction and analytical techniques such as Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Methods were compared based on sensitivity, recovery, and precision to determine their suitability for exposure assessment and forensic investigations. Conclusion: Hair serves as a valuable, non-invasive matrix for pesticide biomonitoring, aiding both environmental exposure studies and forensic toxicology. Continuous advancements in eco-friendly extraction methods and high-sensitivity detection techniques will further refine its applicability. Standardized protocols are essential for ensuring data comparability and enhancing the reliability of pesticide exposure assessments, particularly in cases of intentional poisoning.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) following deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is associated with high mortality, particularly in trauma patients with long bone fractures. Due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, PTE is often not suspected until autopsy, which serves as a gold standard for diagnosis in such cases. We report the case of a 42-year-old male who died from an acute PTE after sustaining multiple injuries in a road traffic accident. He presented to the emergency department unconscious, with head and leg injuries, and was intubated for a low Glasgow Coma Scale score. Despite intensive care including resuscitation from recurrent cardiac arrests, the patient died on the fourth day of hospitalization. Autopsy revealed extensive deep vein thrombosis in the injured limb and a saddle pulmonary embolus as the cause of death. This case underscores the need for early screening and prophylaxis for PTE in patients with multiple fractures, and it highlights the value of medicolegal autopsy and histopathological examination in confirming the diagnosis and guiding future clinical practice.

Complex suicide is the use of more than one suicidal method to commit suicide. They are primary and secondary complex suicides depending on the utilization of multiple suicidal methods in a simultaneous or one-after-another manner. We are reporting a case of a planned complex suicide of a 47-year-old male who ingested a floor cleansing agent (phenyl) and simultaneously hanged himself. There was no suicide note at the scene of the incident. History of previous suicidal attempts and depression present. During the autopsy, a pressure abrasion was seen running obliquely above the thyroid prominence, sparing the nape of the neck. The neck structures underneath the ligature mark were intact. All the visceral organs were congested. Petechial hemorrhages were present over both lungs and the heart. The stomach contains 700 ml of pink-colored fluid with a pungent odor, and the mucosa is congested. The toxicology screening of the blood and stomach contents was positive for phenyl. This case report discusses the forensic implications associated with complex suicides by differentiating them from homicide.

Boerhaave syndrome (BS) is a rare, life-threatening condition characterized by spontaneous esophageal rupture, commonly triggered by forceful vomiting. Due to its nonspecific presentation, BS is often misdiagnosed, leading to delayed intervention and high mortality. We report a case of BS presenting with hematemesis, respiratory distress, and collapse, emphasizing the forensic implications and the role of postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) in virtual autopsy. A 46-year-old male with a history of alcohol consumption experienced sudden-onset hematemesis and respiratory distress, followed by cardiopulmonary arrest. Despite resuscitation efforts, the patient was pronounced dead. Autopsy findings revealed a full-thickness esophageal rupture with mediastinal contamination and pleural effusions, confirming BS as the cause of death. PMCT successfully detected pneumomediastinum, free intrathoracic air, and mediastinal fluid, demonstrating its utility in forensic investigations. The case highlights key differential diagnoses of sudden death, including acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and aortic dissection. This case aligns with existing literature where hematemesis, though less commonly reported, was a significant symptom preceding cardiovascular collapse. Delayed diagnosis of BS remains a critical factor contributing to poor outcomes and increased mortality rates. The integration of PMCT with conventional autopsy enhances the diagnostic accuracy of esophageal perforation-related deaths, particularly in forensic settings. Comparative analysis with previously reported cases underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion and early imaging to prevent fatal outcomes. Boerhaave syndrome remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, often leading to sudden and unexpected death. This case reinforces the medicolegal importance of virtual autopsy in identifying esophageal rupture, particularly in unwitnessed or unexplained deaths.

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare, aggressive tumor with no specific treatment guidelines and a poor prognosis. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a key drug in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, is known for its rare but serious cardiotoxic effects. Here, we report a case of sudden cardiac death of a 47-yearold male with metastatic undifferentiated esophageal carcinoma following his second cycle of chemotherapy (FOLFOX). The patient developed chest pain and breathlessness after being discharged and was later declared dead on arrival at the hospital. Autopsy revealed myocardial infarction, and histopathology confirmed acute ischemic injury without an underlying coronary artery disease. Immunohistochemistry reaffirmed the undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus. This case highlights the fatal cardiotoxic effects of 5-FU, emphasizing the need for cardiac monitoring and considering alternate treatment protocols in high-risk individuals. It also underscores the importance of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity as a differential diagnosis while doing postmortem evaluation of sudden deaths following cancer treatment.