Abstract

Introduction: Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital cyanotic heart disease in which all pulmonary veins drain into the systemic venous circulation instead of the left atrium. Survival depends on the presence of an interatrial communication, such as an atrial septal defect (ASD), which permits mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Abnormal venous drainage may also cause mechanical obstruction to blood flow, leading to severe respiratory distress and heart failure. Early diagnosis and surgical correction are essential to improve survival and prevent complications. Case Presentation: A 3-month-old male infant presented with respiratory distress, poor feeding, cyanosis, and failure to gain weight since birth. Clinical examination revealed tachypnea, central cyanosis, and hypoxia. Echocardiography and computed tomography angiography confirmed supracardiac TAPVC with dilated right-sided cardiac chambers and pulmonary hypertension. Management and Outcome: The infant was managed with oxygen therapy, diuretics, inotropic support, and nutritional supplementation before undergoing corrective cardiac surgery. Comprehensive nursing management included monitoring oxygen saturation, maintaining airway patency, supporting feeding, preventing infection, and educating caregivers. Following treatment and surgery, the infant showed improvement in oxygen saturation, feeding tolerance, and respiratory status. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management of TAPVC in infants. Prompt diagnosis, timely surgical intervention, and effective nursing care are crucial for improving clinical outcomes and survival.

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