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Morphometric Study of Foramen Magnum to Determine the Sex of Skull in Karnataka Population

Ravi Shankar Gadagi, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka 584102, India , Santosh Kumar Mulage1 , Ravi Shankar G.2 , Sunil Kadam3

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Indian Journal of Anatomy 7(4):p 381-385, July - August 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7418.4

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Abstract

Content: Foramen magnum is a big foramen found at the base of skull in posterior cranial fossa, it transmits vital structures like spinal cord, vertebral artery. This foramen belongs to occipital bone. The basal region of occipital bone is covered by a large volume of soft tissue and is, therefore, in a relatively well protected anatomical position and as such, classification of sex using occipital bone may prove useful in cases of significantly disrupted remains of skeleton. Aim: To study the dimensions of foramen magnum and determine the sex of skulls. Materials and Methods: A sample of 100 dry adult human skulls (50 known male and 50 known female) available from the department of Anatomy in RIMS, Raichur and GIMS, Gulbaraga were taken TD, LD of foramen magnum of this skulls were measured with help of vernier’s calipers, area of foramen was calculated with the help of formula. Results: The longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter and area of Foramen magnum were significantly higher in male skulls than in female skull. Conclusion: The observation and results of present study demonstrate significant sexual dimorphism in the dimensions of foramen Magnum of the Karnataka population. Hence, dimensions of foramen magnum help forensic investigator and an anthropologist to determine the sex of disrupted remains of skeleton.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7418.4

Keywords

Occipital Bone; Foramen Magnum; Longitudinal Diameter; Transverse Diameter and Sexual Dimorphism.

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