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Accessory Foramina Transversaria in Cervical Vertebrae: SurgicoClinical Significance

Panchal Padamjeet* , Panchal Padamjeet* , Prasad Bheem* , Singh Shilpa**

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Indian Journal of Anatomy 6(1):p 37-40, January - March 2017. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.6117.7

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Abstract

 Introduction: The cervical vertebrae are cranially placed, moveable vertebrae in the human body. The characteristic feature of these vertebrae are the presence of a Foramen Transversarium (FT) in each lateral mass. A plexus of sympathetic nerves surrounding the Vertebral Artery (VA) and Vertebral Veins (VV) passes through the FT. The variable number and size of FT may lead to clinically significant conditions. It may be due to variable course of the VA which implicates an embryological basis. Aims: The objective of the present study is to find out the incidence of accessory FT in the cervical vertebrae and its morphological and clinical significance. Material and Methods: There were 117 dried cervical vertebrae available in the Department of Anatomy, AII India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar. They were macroscopically studied to find variations in the number of FT. Results: Out of 117 cervical vertebrae accessory FT were found in 25 vertebrae (21.3%). The accessory FT were unilateral in 15 vertebrae (12.8%) and bilateral in 10 vertebrae (8.7%). The unilateral foramina were more common than the bilateral one. The accessory FT were smaller and posteriorly placed compared to the regular FT. Conclusions: The accessory FT are of importance to radiologists and surgeons operating on the cervical spine.

 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.6117.7

Keywords

Cervical Vertebrae; Foramina Transversaria; Vertebral Artery; Vertebral Vein.

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