Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

Background: Degenerative disc and facet joint disease of the lumbar spine is common in the ageing population. Lumbar segmental instability is a prominent disorder after a posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Segmental stabilization exercises enhance muscle activation and help patients regain functional capacity lost due to pain hence could be a beneficial intervention. Case Description: A 67-year-old female with gradual low back pain underwent PLIF at L4 L5 and L5-S1, using Depuy Moss-Miami pedicle screws and a Concorde carbon fiber interbody cage. Post surgery she received physiotherapy. She was scheduled for daily 60-minute physiotherapy sessions for four weeks, focusing on pain reduction, functional improvement, range of motion, and ADLs. Progress was assessed using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Oswestry Disability Index. Literature Review: A comparative study was conducted by Fabio Franca et.al (2010) used the same treatment intervention to contrast the efficiency of two exercise programs, segmental stabilization and muscular strengthening in chronic low back pain. The study concluded that both techniques lessened pain and reduced disability, however, segmental stabilization proved superior as it had significant gains for all variables including transverses abdominis activation.3 A randomized controlled trial conducted by Stefan Kostadinovic et al (2020) used the same treatment intervention as this study, to compare the lumbar stabilization exercise program in a closed and open kinetic chain (LSCO) and lumbar stabilization exercises and thoracic mobilization program in a closed kinetic chain (LSTMC), and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of each program, in a batch of 4 weeks and 8 weeks programmes. It concluded that patients who performed the lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization exercise program in a closed kinetic chain had the most effective reduction of pain intensity and functional disability.

Background and purpose: delayed onset muscle soreness (doms), also sometimes called as muscle fever, describes a phenomenon of muscle pain, muscle soreness or muscle stiffness peaking between 1 and 5 days post-activity. It is common in patients with overwork weakness. This study is done to find the efficacy of passive stretching and tens in the treatment of doms. The main purpose is to evaluate that which of the two mainstay of treatment is more effective in the treatment of doms. Subject: thirty subjects were participated in this ongoing trial to study the effectiveness of passive stretching and tens in two groups of fifteen each. Method: subjects were randomly assigned to two groups; Group A and Group B. In group a, fifteen subjects were treated with passive stretching once daily for a period of seven days. Treatment was given in 15 repetitions with hold time of 10 seconds and rest time of 5 seconds respectively. Remaining fifteen subjects were treated with tens in each sitting once daily for a period of seven days. Vas was the tool used to measure the pain score. Mcgill pain questionnaire was used to assess the type of pain. Result: paired t-test was applied between Group A and Group B at 1st, 3rd and 5th day. The result shows that passive stretching is more effective than tens as can be interpretated from the vas score. Interpretation and conclusion: the study shows the significant change in both groups. When post-test value was compared with pre-test value in intergroup comparison; Group A showed better result as compared to Group B.

Background: Adhesive Capsulitis most commonly referred to as “Frozen Shoulder” is an insidious painful condition with progressive and gradual restriction of all planes of movement in the glenohumeral joint. The principles of treatment of adhesive capsulitis are to relieve pain, maintain Range of Motion and restore function. The purpose of this study is to find out the efficacy of Mulligan Movement with Mobilization Technique compared to Muscle Energy Technique in decreasing pain and increasing ROM in patients with idiopathic shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Objectives: To Compare the effect of Mulligan Movement with mobilization technique and MET in adhesive capsulitis patients. Methods: 30 subjects of both sex groups aged between 40-60 years diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. They were randomly assigned into two groups with 15 subjects each. Group A received Mulligan Movement with mobilization technique and ultrasound and Group B received MET and ultrasound. Both groups received the treatment protocol five days a week for four weeks. Pre and post-evaluation of pain was done by using the VAS scale, range of motion by the Universal Goniometer and functional disability by using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Result: The Adhesive capsulitis patients treated with Mulligan Movement with mobilization technique and muscle energy technique along with ultrasound reported an equal improvement in pain relief and ROM values, especially in abduction and external rotation, and also reduced the disabilities of the shoulder. Hence, it can be concluded that both MWM and MET are equally effective in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. Conclusion: It was concluded that Mulligan Movement with mobilization technique (MWM) and Muscle Energy Technique (MET) are equally effective in reducing pain and improving shoulder functional ability in subjects with Adhesive capsulitis.

Introduction: Chronic neck is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition affecting individuals worldwide, often leading to decreased range of motion and diminished quality of life. It is characterized by persistent discomfort and functional limitations in the cervical region. The increasing prevalence of chronic neck pain is attributed to various factors, including sedentary lifestyles, poor ergonomics, and psychological stressors. This study presents a comparative investigation into the effects of proprioceptive training vs conventional training on increasing range of motion and reducing pain in patients with chronic neck pain. Objectives of the Study: To improve range of motion and reduce pain in patients with chronic neck pain. To assess the effectiveness of Gaze Direction Recognition Exercise (GDRE) Program. Procedure: All the participants were explained about the purpose of study. The subjects were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and then the baseline measurement was taken. An informed consent was taken from patients who were willing to participate in the study. Eligible subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A participants receiving conventional training. Group B participants receiving proprioceptive training. Both groups had received exercises program for chronic neck pain. The study was of 6 weeks, 5 days per week at department of physiotherapy in SMIH. Examination include assessment which was performed on first and the last day of treatment & data was recorded in group A pre scoring was via VAS, NDI, cervical goniometer and after the scoring the patient undergone treatment with proprioceptive training. Conclusion: Gaze Direction Recognition Exercise (GDRE) Program shows more improvement in range of motion and pain in chronic neck pain after 6 weeks of therapy.

The convenience sample of forty-five male subjects including only adult were recruited in the study. All subjects were right side dominant. For group-A, the mean age was (29.933 ± 2.84) years and mean height was (177.46 ± 3.37) cm. For group-B, the mean age and height was (29.333 ± 2.82) years and (176.93 ± 3.97) cm respectively. For group-C, mean age was (28.933 ± 3.32) years and mean height was (178.40 ± 3.68) cm. All the subjects were taken from the population in and around the different hospitals of Dehradun. Each and every subject was informed about the procedure and demonstrated by the experimental therapist prior to the study. The study had received a written informed consent from the subjects with their willingness. From the above study, it was concluded that pushing activity performed, when the trunk is forward bend and elbow is extended, produce increased myoelectrical activity of Serratus anterior.

Introduction: Menopause is defined as a complete year without menstrual bleeding due to a natural decline in reproductive hormones or natural cessation, or stopping, of a woman's menstrual cycle, and marks the end of fertility. It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, but can develop before or after this age range.1,2 Menopause is the point when a woman no longer has menstrual periods for at least 12 months. At this stage, the ovaries have stopped releasing eggs and producing most of their estrogen.3 The decrease in estrogen levels produces a series of symptoms that impair physical, mental, quality of life (QOL), affecting the and sexual health of women.3,4 Need of Study: The primary problem in peri-menopausal and menopausal women is perineal laxity, vaginal laxity, urinary incontinence & pain in pelvic region. Methodology: After random sampling, subjects will be divided into two groups, each group consist of 15 patient of both male and female. Group A received Pelvic Floor Muscles Strengthening Exercises & Trans-cutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) subjects receive the treatment for 4 days/week for 12 weeks, session of 45-60 minutes Subjects were positioned on a treatment couch in supine position with adequate back support. The position of patient was changed according to the exercise protocol. Conclusion: This is concluded that PFM Strengthening Training & TENS in Group A (Experimental Group) is more effective than the Home treatment program only PFM Strengthening Training in Group B (Controlled group) to improving PFM strength and relieve the symptoms in Peri-menopause & Menopause Women after 12 weeks (4days/week) of intervention.

Background: Stroke is among the most common causes of adult-onset disability. 70–85% of first strokes are accompanied by hemiplegia. Several case control studies with ischemic stroke patients have indicated that recent infections are a possible risk factor for ischemic stroke. Stroke occurs when reduced blood supply to the brain results in cell death. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare serum high sensitive C-reactive protein levels in stroke patients to controls. Objective: The primary goal of this study is to examine serum high sensitive C-reactive protein levels in stroke patients and to link them to stroke related death. The secondary goal is to enhance AMI early detection, management and therapy, and prognosis. Material & Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of physiotherapy and Central Investigation Laboratory in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry Medicine, Intense cardiac care units, medical intensive care units, and emergency and private hospitals. The study was approved by Institutional Ethical and Research Committee to use human subjects in the research study. Informed consent was taken from patient and control subjects. Out of 100 subjects, 50 were strokes patients and 50 were age matched healthy controls. The study was conducted from June 2023 to March 2024. The Microlab 300 analyzers (semiauto analyzer) were used to assess High Sensitive C-reactive Protein concentrations, and the comparisons between the two groups were examined using an unpaired t-test. A P < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results: There was a substantial elevated in the mean serum high sensitive C-reactive protein in strokes cases were 5.86 ± 3.12 mg/dl, which were higher than controls group 2.41 ± 1.27 mg/ dl. Comparison between control and serum high sensitive C-reactive protein on strokes cases was found to be more significant. Unpaired t-test showed that there was significant increase in serum high sensitive C-reactive protein level in cases as compared to controls (p<0.005). Conclusion: The analysis of serum high sensitive C-reactive protein in serum plays an important role in the diagnostic marker and management of ischemic strokes.