Abstract

Type 5 diabetes, recently recognized by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), represents a distinct form of diabetes mellitus primarily affecting lean and undernourished individuals in low and middle income countries. Unlike Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, Type 5 diabetes is characterized by malnutrition induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction leading to insufficient insulin production without autoimmune or genetic causes. This review article explores the historical context, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment approaches, and public health implications of Type 5 diabetes, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies to address this neglected condition.

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