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Morphological Study of Human Fetal Kidney during Mid Gestational Period

Suvarna A. Gulanikar , Suvarna A. Gulanikar , A.R. Kharkar , G.A. Shroff

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Indian Journal of Anatomy 3(1):p 11-18, January - March 2014. | DOI:

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Abstract

Development of the human fetal kidney runs through a series of continual and mutually dependent changes during which the kidney obtains its morphological and functional maturity. There are few anatomical reports on the fetal kidney than on adult human kidney. The study was carried out on 30 normal human fetuses without any congenital anomalies in midgestational period ranging from 14 to 28 weeks. Our study was done with an aim to estimate the changes in kidney size in fetuses from the 14th to the 28th weeks of gestation and to evaluate the dynamics of their growth. Serial measurements of weight of kidneys and its dimensions (length, width, thickness) were taken in 30 fetuses. Fetal kidney volume was calculated and comparison of sum of average volumes of both kidneys with crown rump length [CRL] was done.  We concluded that the period of 20-22 weeks and 26 to 28 weeks are the fastest period of fetal kidney growth. Left kidney presented usually greater length, greater width and greater thickness than right kidney. The volume of kidney shows a linear growth from the 14th week to 28th week of gestation with growth spurts during 2022 weeks and 26 28th weeks. The quotient of the sum of average volumes of both kidneys / CRL increases proportionally during different periods of gestation. There are positive relations between severalmeasures of the renal morphometry. The importance of this study lies in  determining the average fetal kidney dimensions, which could be used as standard values in obstetrics. It is also possible to define the pathological changes in fetal kidney on the basis of the present study.

 

Keywords: Development; Morphometry; Pathogenesis.  

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