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Glycated Hemoglobin [HbA1C] As a Dual Marker for Glycemic Status and Dyslipidemia in Diabetics: A Cross Sectional Analysis of 450 Cases

Lavanya Rajagopal , Lavanya Rajagopal* , Balaji Ramraj** , Sundaram Arunachalam*** , Veena Raja* , Shivashekar Ganapathy****

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Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice 6(2 (Part-2)):p 415-420, APRIL - JUNE 2017. | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148X.62(pt-II)17.13

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Abstract

 
Background: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus [DM] is 95%. Diabetic patients with accompanied dyslipidemia are soft targets of cardiovascular deaths. Glycated Hemoglobin [HbA1C] the gold standard for assessing the glycemic status, has been regarded as an independent risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease [CHD] and stroke. Various studies have contradicting results on the impact ofHbA1C levels on lipid profile in diabetics. Aim: To find out association between glycemic control (HbA1C), age, gender and serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in SRM Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai. Total 450 subjects (150 controlled & 150 poorly controlled diabetics, 150 non-diabetics) with equal number of males and females in each group and investigated for HbA1C and lipid profile. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using Independent samples student ‘t’ test. ‘p’ value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was a significant increase in mean Total Cholesterol [TC], Triglyceride[TG], Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol [LDL-C], Fasting Blood Glucose [FBG] levels and HbA1C between non-diabetics, controlled and poorly controlled diabetics. But High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol [HDL-C] was not significant between these study groups. TC, TG, LDL-C levels between males and females in each group were not statistically significant. But mean HDL-C was non-significantly lower in female diabetics. Subjects with worse glycemic control (HbA1C >9%) possessed significantly high values of TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG except HDL-C. No significant correlation for age with respect to serum lipid profile. Conclusion: We conclude, HbA1C predicts dyslipidemia . This highlights the usefulness of HbA1C as dual biomarker (glycemic control and lipidemic state) for screening high risk diabetic patients.

Keywords: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C); Dyslipidemia; Diabetes.

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148X.62(pt-II)17.13

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