Rajathi Sakthivel Vice-principal, Hindu Mission College of Nursing, Tambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600063, India
Address for correspondence: Rajathi Sakthivel, Vice-principal, Hindu Mission College of Nursing, Tambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600063, India E-mail: rajathisakthi80@gmail.com
This license enables
reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium
or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is
given to the creator.
Rajathi Sakthivel. Gender Based Level of Self-Esteem among Adolescents. Int J Pediatr Nurs. 2024;10(1):7–11.
Timeline
Received : December 06, 2023
Accepted : February 01, 2024
Published : April 30, 2024
Abstract
Background: Teens undergo major changes in their lives and their self-esteem can often become fragile. Teenagers' self-esteem is often affected by the physical and hormonal changes they experience, especially during puberty. The study aimed to assess the level of selfesteemand identify gender based differences among adolescents. Materials and Methods: The descriptive study design was adopted. Through a nonrandomized convenient sampling technique, one hundred twenty students in the age group of 15-18 years were enrolled. The data were collected through the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale through the interview method. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Out of 120 adolescents, 32% had low self-esteem and 14% had high self-esteem. Overall, the level of self-esteem was low among males (63%) as compared to female (37%) adolescents. The chi-square value depicts that age, sex, education, and residence had a significant association with low and high self-esteem. Conclusion: Adolescents with low self-esteem, irrespective of gender face lot of difficultyin managing obstacles and preventing issues. Thus, there is an urgent need for a holistic approach and assertiveness training is required to strengthen emotional and psycho-social development and aid in achieving whole adolescent health.
References
1. E. Ackerman. What is self-esteem? A Psychologist explains. 2018. Available in https://positivepsychology.com/self-esteem/
2. Life span development. Adolescence. Available in https://open.maricopa.edu/devpsych/ chapter/chapter-7-adolescence/
3. Birkeland MS, Breivik K, Wold B. Peer acceptance protects global self-esteem from negative effects of low closeness to parents during adolescence and early adulthood. J Youth Adolesc. 2014 Jan; 43(1):70-80. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013-9929-1.
4. Louise Woffindin. All about a Baby’s Basic Needs. 2023. Available in https://cpdonline. co.uk/knowledge-base/safeguarding/allabout-a-babys-basic-needs/
5. Rezaei-Dehaghani A, Paki S, Keshvari M. The relationship between family functioning and self-esteem in female high school students of Isfahan, Iran, in 2013-2014. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015 May-Jun; 20(3):371-7.
6. Voelker DK, Reel JJ, Greenleaf C. Weight status and body image perceptions in adolescents: current perspectives. Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2015;6:149-58. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S68344.
7. Steven T. Griggs, Ph.D. • 2018. The Four Powers of Self-Esteem. Available inhttps:// books.google.co.in › books.
8. Fekry CM, Mahfouz EM, Kamal NN, et al., Contribution of low-level Self-esteem and selfefficacy in adverse mental outcome among secondary school adolescents in Minia city. MJMR, 34(1)2023:15-24.DOI: 10.21608/mjmr. 2023.168523.1204.
9. Nguyen DT, Pamela WE, Christine D, Pham TT, Joske B. Low Self-Esteem and Its Association With Anxiety, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation in Vietnamese Secondary School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study, Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10,2019 Available in https:// www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt. 2019.00698, DOI10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00698.
10. Zaidi, Uzma. (2006). Gender Differences in Self-esteem. Pakistan Journal of Psychology. June 2006. Available in https://www. researchgate.net/publication/271204626_ Gender_Differences_in_Self-esteem.
11. Agam R, Tamir S, Golan M (2015) Gender Differences in Respect to Self-Esteem and Body Image as Well as Response to Adolescent's School-Based Prevention Programs. J Psychol Clin Psychiatry 2(5): 00092. DOI: 10.15406/ jpcpy.2015.02.00092.
12. Bleidorn W, Arslan RC, Denissen JJA, Rentfrow PJ, Gebauer JE, Potter J et al. Age and gender differences in self-esteem: A cross-cultural window. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2016; 111(3):396-410. doi: 10.1037/ pspp0000078.
13. Poudel A, Gurung B, Khanal GP. Perceived social support and psychological wellbeing among Nepalese adolescents: the mediating role of self-esteem. BMC Psychol. 2020 May 1; 8(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00409-1.
14. Lee D, Lee S. The influence of social withdrawal and depression on the self-esteem of female adolescents: The mediating effect of grit. PLoS One. 2023 Jul 12;18(7):e0288530. doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0288530.
15. Naeem H, Sharif S, Sharif H and Seemi T (2023) Self-esteem levels in school-going adolescents across the slums of Karachi, Pakistan: a cross-sectional analysis. Front. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 2:1175826. doi: 10.3389/ frcha.2023.1175826\
Data Sharing Statement
There are no additional data available. All raw data and code are available upon request.
Funding
This research received no funding.
Author Contributions
All authors contributed significantly to the work and approve its publication.
Ethics Declaration
This article does not involve any human or animal subjects, and therefore does not require ethics approval.
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to the patients, their families, and all those who have contributed to this study.
Conflicts of Interest
No conflicts of interest in this work.
About this article
Cite this article
Rajathi Sakthivel. Gender Based Level of Self-Esteem among Adolescents. Int J Pediatr Nurs. 2024;10(1):7–11.
This license enables
reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium
or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is
given to the creator.
This license enables
reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium
or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is
given to the creator.