Abstract

The identification and understanding of hypertension risk factors are essential for effective prevention and management. An estimated 1.4 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide had hypertension in 2024. On the basis of day to day experience and review of literature researchers realized the need of hour to educate young adults regarding prevention of hypertension risk. Methods: Quantitative research approach with one group pre test post test pre experimental research design was employed to conduct the study. The time period employed in data collection was 4 weeks from 01-7-2025 to 28-7-2025. Data collection was performed by questionnaire method. The data collection tool comprises of two parts. Result: In pre–test 77% participants scored poor knowledge level, 23% scored average knowledge level while in post-test 63% of participants scored average knowledge level, 36% scored good knowledge level and 1% scored poor knowledge level regarding reduction of risk factors of hypertension. Paired ‘t’ test value was 22.61 was greater than table value (2.02 at df 99) at .05 level of significance. No significant affiliation found amid the knowledge scores in pre test with other socio demographic variables except gender

• 1.   Iqbal AM, Jamal SF. Essential Hypertension. [Updated 2023 Jul 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539859/
• 2.   Forouzanfar, Mohammad H et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet, Volume 388, Number 10053, 1659 - 1724. Available from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)31679-8/fulltext. 19IJPEN / VOLUME 12, NUMBER 1 / JANUARY – APRIL 2026
• 3.   Touyz RM, Camargo LL, Rios FJ, AlvesLopes R, Neves KB, Eluwole O, et al. Arterial hypertension. In: Elsevier eBooks [Internet]. 2022. p. 469–87. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820472-6.00192-4.
• 4.   Jankord R, Herman JP. Stress and hypertension. Journal of Endocrinology. 198(3). 2008. 467-480.
• 5.   World Health Organization. Hypertension [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2025 Sep 25 [cited 2025 Dec 08]. Available from: https://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ hypertension.
• 6.   Mohammad R, Bansod DW. Hypertension in India: a gender-based study of prevalence and associated risk factors. BMC Public Health 24, 2681 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889- 024-20097-5.
• 7.   Krishnamoorthy Y, Rajaa S, Sulgante S, Chinnakali P, Jaswal N, Goel S. Prevalence of hypertension and determinants of treatmentseeking behaviour among adolescents and young adults in India: an analysis of NFHS-4. Journal of Public Health [Internet]. 2022 Feb 26;45(1):e48–56. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac006.
• 8.   Geevar Z, Krishnan MN, Venugopal K, Sanjay G, Harikrishnan S, Mohanan PP, Mini GK, Thankappan KR. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Young Adults (20-39 Years) in Kerala, South India. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Apr 18;9:765442. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.765442.
• 9.   Ranjan A, Agarwal R, Mudgal SK et al. Determinants and knowledge of hypertension among adult population visited in out-patients department of a tertiary care centre: a crosssectional study. Discov Public Health 22, 163 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025- 00547-0.
• 10.   Semou T, Monteiro SR, Hariharan M, Padhy M, Chivukula U. Impact of hypertension education on knowledge and healthy lifestyle practices among Indian adolescents: A quasi-experimental study. Health Education Journal [Internet]. 2024 Oct 27;84(1):33–44. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1177/00178969241289337.
• 11.   Almomani MH, Akhu-Zaheya L, Alsayyed M, Alloubani A. Public’s Knowledge of Hypertension and its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. The Open Nursing Journal [Internet]. 2022 Feb 7;16(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.2174/18744346-v16-e2201060.
• 12.   Shaikh R, Mathew E, Sreedharan J, Muttappallymyalil J, Sharbatti SA, Basha S. Knowledge regarding risk factors of hypertension among entry year students of a medical university. Journal of Family and Community Medicine [Internet]. 2011 Jan 1;18(3):124. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.90011.
• 13.   Afam G, Nakalega AP. Hypertension risk perception among young adults in Victoria University Kampala Uganda. International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention [Internet]. 2024 Aug 24;23:200327. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200327.
• 14.   Gunagi P, Harikanth DR. Assessment of knowledge of hypertension and its risk factors among urban school children of Belagavi: a cross sectional study . Int J Community Med Public Health [Internet]. 2023 Apr. 28 [cited 2026 Jan. 8];10(5):1811-6. Available from: https://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/article/view/11006.
• 15.   Sahu R. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge and Attitude Toward Controlling Blood Pressure Among Clients with Hypertension in Medical College Hospital, Jabalpur. Indian Journal of Nursing Sciences [Internet]. 2024 Jan 1;09(04):30–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.31690/ijns.2024.v09i04.007.
• 16.   Gehlot D, Nagda S, Chaturvedi D. Effectiveness of information booklet on knowledge regarding preventive measures for complications of hypertension among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Indian Journal Oof Nursing Studies. 2021 Jul;12(02):46.
• 17.   Pathak R, Chaturvedi D, Shaji SS, Vasava PB, Vyas K, Masih R. Knowledge Enhancement on Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention: An Interventional Study Among Non-Clinical Hospital Staff.International Journal of Immunology and Nursing Dynamics. Volume 1, Number 1 (April, 2025).p30-38. Available from https://matjournals.net/nursing/index.php/IJIND/issue/view/63. 18. Primadani NM, Susanti NI, Oktavia NE. Effectiveness of booklets as educational media toincrease hypertension knowledge: literature review. International journal of nursing and Vankar Ravina Nathabhai, Hansoti Shreyaben Sureshbhai, Daniya Sanal et. al, Empowering Young midwifery science (IJNMS) [Internet]. 2025 Aug 28;9(2):128–40. Available from: https:// doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2025/vol9/iss2/723.
• 19.   Mandowara P, Prakasam A, Shah P, Vipinbhai KD, Darshana M, Purabiya H. Effectiveness of play-based learning in enhancing knowledge of modi𿿿able risk factors of hypertension among adolescent college students. Progress in Pediatric Cardiology [Internet]. 2025 Oct 30;79:101888. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ppedcard.2025.101888. .
• 20.   Vishwas A, Kharol M, Abraham E, Pathak G, Chaturvedi D. Effectiveness of self-instruction module on knowledge regarding iron de𿿿ciency anemia (IDA) and its prevention among pregnant mothers. World J Adv Healthc Res. 2022;6(12):111–116. Available from: https://www.wjahr.com/admin/assets/ article_issue/42112022/1669718598.pdf
• 21.   Abraham E, Pathak G, Kharol M, Chaturvedi D, et al. Effectiveness of educational intervention on knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students. Int J Health Sci Res. 2022;12(7):123–129. doi:10.52403/ijhsr.20220718.
• 22.   Tak HK, Chaturvedi D. Effectiveness of learning package on weaning practices among primipara mothers. Int J Health Sci Res. 2022; 12(1): 229-235. DOI: https://doi. org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220131
• 23.   Maral S, Marwah M, Lahoti SV, Das A. Knowledge Regarding Risk Factors of Hypertension among Young Adult Students. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1;10(7):1436. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01793.5.