Abstract

Aims and Objectives: To compare hemodynamic responses to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation with intravenous dexmedetomidine combined with either magnesium sulphate or lignocaine. Study Site and Design: Hospital-based, double-blinded randomized controlled study at a Municipal General Hospital.

Study Population and Sample Size: 128 adult patients (ASA I-II) scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia, divided into two groups of 64 each.

Methodology: Patients received premedication with study drugs. Standardized anaesthesia induction was followed. Vital parameters like heart rate, blood pressures (SBP, DBP, MAP), SpO2, and ECG were recorded at baseline, preinduction, and at 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes post-induction. Postoperative analgesia and recovery times were monitored.

Statistical Analysis: Data were analysed using SPSS v22. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD and compared using unpaired t-tests; categorical variables were analysed using Chi-square tests. Trends over time were evaluated; significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: Demographics including age, gender, ASA grade, BMI, and comorbidities were comparable (p>0.05). Both drug combinations maintained stable hemodynamics during and after intubation, with no significant differences in HR, BP, MAP, SpO2, or ECG. Postoperative analgesia and induction-to-extubation times were similar (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine combined with either magnesium sulphate or lignocaine effectively attenuates the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation, with stable perioperative parameters and comparable safety profiles. Both combinations are suitable for ASA I-II patients.

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Funding