Abstract

Introduction: Uterine fibroids are benign smooth muscle growths of the uterus commonly seen during the reproductive years. Despite their non-malignant nature, they contribute significantly to gynaecological morbidity and healthcare utilization. Aims & Objectives: To study the epidemiology of uterine fibroid & various risk factors contributing in the occurrence of uterine fibroids in our region. Material & Method: The cross-sectional study was done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in GMC & Rajindra Hospital, Patiala from 2023 to 2024. Result: Mean age for uterine fibroid was 43.47±7.05 years. Majority of women diagnosed with leiomyomas were in their reproductive years (89.4%). Uterine fibroid were seen more in urban (70%) population. Obesity was observed as most prevalent risk factor (83.8%). Another significant risk factor was lack of Vitamin D intake (9.1%). A higher stress level which is considered to be a causative agent for myomas was present in 37.2% of study opulation. In our study we could not find any association of UFs with educational status, socioeconomic status, dietary preference (vegetarian/non-vegetarian), family history of fibroids, age of onset of menstruation, age at time of first childbirth, alcohol intake or smoking. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for lifestyle improvements regular physical activity, a nutritious diet consisting of Vitamin D, and effective weight control to lower fibroid risk, particularly among those with higher BMI. Promoting informed and appropriate use of oral contraceptives may also provide protective benefits and should be integrated into reproductive health education

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