International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

Background: Teens undergo major changes in their lives and their self-esteem can often become fragile. Teenagers' self-esteem is often affected by the physical and hormonal changes they experience, especially during puberty. The study aimed to assess the level of selfesteemand identify gender based differences among adolescents. Materials and Methods: The descriptive study design was adopted. Through a nonrandomized convenient sampling technique, one hundred twenty students in the age group of 15-18 years were enrolled. The data were collected through the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale through the interview method. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Out of 120 adolescents, 32% had low self-esteem and 14% had high self-esteem. Overall, the level of self-esteem was low among males (63%) as compared to female (37%) adolescents. The chi-square value depicts that age, sex, education, and residence had a significant association with low and high self-esteem. Conclusion: Adolescents with low self-esteem, irrespective of gender face lot of difficultyin managing obstacles and preventing issues. Thus, there is an urgent need for a holistic approach and assertiveness training is required to strengthen emotional and psycho-social development and aid in achieving whole adolescent health.

The present study has been undertaken to assess knowledge score regarding child abuse and neglect among peoples by integrated teaching program in Gandhi Nagar at Bhopal. The research design adopted for the study was pre-experimental in nature. The tool for the study was self-structured knowledge questionnaire which consists of two parts-I consisted questions related to Socio-demographic data; part-II consisted of self-structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge score regarding child abuse and neglect among peoples residing in rural area. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The most significant finding was that 63.3% of peoples residing in rural area were having average knowledge regarding child abuse and neglect whereas 36.7% had good knowledge after posttest. It was suggested that the nurses must educate peoples residing in rural are aregarding tobacco products consumption and its impact.

As pediatric nurses, our mission is atraumatic care i.e. to shield children from needless trauma and pain caused by medical procedures. Child's preparation prior to the procedure includes need based assessment of the procedure and readiness for procedure, building trust and establishing rapport as well as clustering multiple procedures to minimize trauma. Prior to procedure informed consent is necessary whenever required. It is essential to follow family centred care and educate the child and family as family is the integral part of child’s life. Preparation of child according to age, utilization of age appropriate equipment and age specific techniques, keen observation of child and surrounding are important aspect of childcare. Pharmacological, non-pharmacological and psychological strategies, involvement of loved one’s aid for minimizing the pain fear anxiety and distress. The physical and psychological safety of child should be of prime concern while performing a nursing procedure on child, the aim should be to successfully complete the procedure minimizing the negative effects of the same. Therefore, it is vital that any medical procedure is ended in a positive manner.

Globally, Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major reasons for mortality. Cardiovascular health in children and adults is profoundly affected by the milieu of early life. Currently, CVD is taking a different turn based on social antecedents like poverty, the difference in socio-economic status, gender inequality, being a fluid person, and work life in harmony increases the risk of getting into CVD, that too in vulnerable populations like racial and ethnic minorities, women, the elderly, the chronically ill individual with disabilities, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and racism play a significant role in conditioning disease burden and modulating outcomes of CVD. People with low socioeconomic status increase the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA axis) in the body, due to stress response, and at the end, increased cortisol and sympathetic nervous system activity lead to decreased angiogenic activity. People from low socioeconomic backgrounds, loneliness, and social isolation in many cases like racism, ethnic minorities, children, women, elderly, and chronically ill individuals with disabilities, are exposed to constant stress because of a lack of their fundamental needs. The wider introduction of universal screening for social factors that impact cardiac health will help to identify children and families at risk. Hence,aggressive screening tests beginning at an early age will be beneficial for early detection and treatment. Healthcare professionals need to pay attention to promotinghealth education and awareness aids to decrease CVD-associated mortality.

Introduction: Burkitt lymphoma is a type of non-hodgkin lymphoma that causes cancer in immune cells called B cells. Recognized as a rapidly growing human tumor. The female 12 year child admitted in AVBR hospital on date 18/05/2020. As father said, child was completely asymptomatic and apparently alright prior to onset of symptoms, child has a palpable painless soft tissue mass on left midaxillary line. 10–15 days prior to hospitalization she developed fever but it relieved by medications. Also have complaints of breathlessness since 5 to 10 days and retrosternal chest pain since 5-10 days. A detailed clinical evaluation is made based on patient, cytological examination, computed topography scan imaging of chest, ultrasound and CSF examination are used as diagnostic technique. If the condition is detected early, treatment of Burkitts lymphoma is more effective. The use of intensive chemotherapy and radiation therapy are useful.1

Extra Hepatic Portal Venous Obstruction (EHPVO) is an major cause of Portal Hypertension. Pediatric EHPVO is idiopathic in most of the cases. A child who had normal growth and development, having complaints similar to upper GI bleeding underwent video Oesophago Gastro Duodenoscopy (VOGD Scopy) and was found having sclerosed Oesophageal varices in the form of snake like pattern over the entire mucosa. Child was treated with Sclerotherapy. Clinical Report of Patient: An 8 year old child admitted to hospital with complaints of hematemesis, sudden in onset, consistent blood clots, in large bouts. Child had melena episode, low grade fever, and per abdomen no organomegaly found. Child is diagnosed as a case of Grade II Esophageal varices, Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction with Portal Hypertension. On Physical examination had a soft non tender abdomen with significant splenomegaly. Child was treated with Inj. Octreotide infusion 1mcg/kg bolus, then IV infusion 1mcg/kg/hour for 24 hours according to body weight, Tab. Proponolol 40 mg ¼ Bd, Tab. Rantac ½ Bd, and child got sclerosed of esophageal varices for the entire mucosa. After sclerotic therapy child had no evidence of bleeding. But child was advised to continue sclerotherapy once in every 3 months till gets relieved from variceal recurrences.