Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice

Background: The broad range of kidney neoplastic lesions that are classified as primary renal tumours includes patterns that are comparatively different in children and adults. Both benign and malignant primary renal tumours are possible. These neoplasms account for two to three percent of all adult malignancies and 80–85% of all primary malignant neoplasms of kidney. Aim and Objective: Finding relative frequencies of various adult renal tumours and examining clinicohistopathological features and their variations in patients under study are goals of this research. Methods: This retrospective investigation was carried out at tertiary care facility on all patients who were diagnosed with kidney tumour based on histology between 2020 and 22. Information was gathered about clinical presentation, pathological features, and demographics of patients. Histological section employed standard haematoxylin and eosin stain for pathological investigation. Results: Over period of three years, among 50 patients, 63% were males and 37% females. Most tumours were malignant: 88% vs. 12% benign. Peak incidence was found more in 6-7th decade. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was most prevalent type of cancerous tumour. Angiomyolipoma, oncocytoma, and adult cystic nephroma were examples of benign renal tumours. Discussion: This is single center study from tertiary care center. Range of adult renal tumours found in this study is in line with earlier research findings. We identified both benign and malignant tumours in our investigation. Conclusion: With a thorough literature analysis and focus on each tumour category, this article provides an overview of range of adult renal tumours in tertiary care centres.

Dermatology as a speciality has seen exponential growth in the last decade. While the subspeciality is enjoying freeway driving many other subspecialities including Dermatopathology are stranded in a bottleneck traffic. Lack of training facilities in this subspeciality across the country and uncertainty of future career prospects in Dermatopathology may force youngsters to focus on other fields of specialization. In many institution and labs, skin biopsy sections are read and reported by general pathologists.

Tuberculous enteritis is seen in 1-3% of cases of tuberculosis worldwide. The bacterium enters gastrointestinal tract via hematogenous spread from active pulmonary tuberculosis by swallowing the infected sputum or ingestion of contaminated food products. The most common site is ileocecal region. Diagnosis is challenging as clinical presentation mimics neoplasm or inflammatory bowel disease. We present a case of intestinal tuberculosis in a 40 years old male patient to highlight the pathogenesis, clinical features and histopathology of this case.

Background: The pathological examinations of medicolegal cases is not confined to determining the cause of death but also useful in teaching pathogenesis and demography of the disease. Liver is the principal site of many metabolic activities and is vulnerable to many metabolic, toxic, microbial and circulatory insults. Due to enormous functional reserve, many liver lesions are silent till late in the course of disease. Aims: This study aimed to analyse histopathological findings of liver diseases in medicolegal cases and correlate with clinical findings wherever available. Methods and Material: The present study is a retrospective observational study with 262 medicolegal autopsy cases over a one-year period conducted in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care centre. Representative tissue from the liver was collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin and sent for histopathological examination. Results: Total 262 medicolegal cases studied showed predominance of male (68.65%). Maximum cases were in the age group of 21 to 30 years (20.14%) followed by 31 to 40 years (18.28%). The most common lesion was steatosis, accounting for 78 (30%) out of 262 liver specimens. There were 43 (16.5%) cases of congestion, 20 (7.8%) cases of hepatitis and 17 (6.5%) cases of steatohepatitis. Ten (4%) cases of cirrhosis were noted. Conclusions: The present study showed that Histological analysis of liver is important learning objective for pathologists and a significant role in ascertaining the cause and manner of death.

Primary Central Nervous System tumors (CNS trs) are a diverse group of neoplasm showing significant geographic variations in incidence, morbidity, mortality, and survival. Pituitary adenomas (PA) recently termed as Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumours (PitNET) are the commonest mass in the sellar region, can produce local, and distant effects.1 However, some developmental, inflammatory, and neoplastic lesions may primarily or secondarily involve the sella, mimicking pituitary tumors; recognition of which is crucial for the appropriate management. Aims: To evaluate the histopathological profile of primary CNS trs and to correlate with age, sex and site at presentation. Pituitary lesions are further analyzed to find out prevalence of non adenomatous lesions in pituitary Materials and methods: Histologically diagnosed 79 primary CNS trs and 18 pituitary lesions are analyzed. Results:Meningioma is the commonest brain and CNS trs. The PA being the second commonest CNS trs, constitute 17% of CNS trs, 22% of brain tumors and 78% of pituitary lesions. Other sellar lesions were single cases of Rathkeys cleft cyst (RCC), Arachnoid cyst, craniopharyngioma and pituitary apoplexy. Conclusion: This retrospective study established a baseline profile of brain tumors and sellar lesions based primarily on the histopathological experience at a tertiary care hospital in the Southern Kerala.