Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice

 Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL) is a rare developmental anomaly causing localized gigantism. It is due to progressive proliferation of all mesenchymal elements, especially fibroadipose tissue. This developmental anomaly is more common in lower extremity but sometime also found in upper extremity. The disease is almost always unilateral, with an equal incidence in both sex. MDL is usually reposted and diagnosed during childhood. We report a case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa in a young adult which started from a finger and gradually affected the whole hand leading to amputation of hand from wrist joint. This is a case of late presentation. Involvement of whole hand, as seen in our case, is not yet reported in English literature to the best of our knowledge.

 Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma although a rare tumour of the kidney in adults [1%] is an aggressive neoplasm with poor prognosis [1]. On histology an epithelial type of renal cell carcinoma is combined with the sarcomatoid component as anaplastic spindle shaped cells without organisation. Sincesarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma accounts for 1020% of the patients presenting with advanced disease and mortality there is need for improved and early diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in this regard.

 Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine secreting tumour originating usually from adrenal medulla and produces signs and symptoms due excessive catecholamine secretion from tumour.Pheochromocytoma is a rare cause of hypertension. If the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma is overlooked, the consequences could be disastrous, even fatal; however, if a pheochromocytoma is identified, it is potentially curable, as being one of the cause of surgically correctable hypertension [1,2,3,5,6,9,10,11].

 Introduction: Hemangiopericytoma is a tumour derived form pericytes. It is a rare and highly vascular tumour. It commonly arises in lower extremities. Materials and Methods: A 53 year old male presented with complains of recurrent melaena. OGD showed a 3x3x2 cm (approx) growth in the distal stomach, which bled on touch. Partial gastrectomy was done. Result: Hematoxylin & eosin stain of sections showed thin walled ramifying blood vessels, anatomizing blood vessels with typical staghorn pattern. IHC panel: Cytokeratin: Negative, SMA: Negative, Desmin: Negative, CD 34: Focally Positive, Vimentin: Strongly positive Conclusion: Hemangiopericytoma of the stomach is very rare. Only 30 cases have been reported in the world literature. The diagnosis is mainly by histomorphology. IHC confirms the diagnosis.  

 Lymphangioma is an uncommon benign congenital tumour of lymphatics that is seen in children and rarely in adults. Lymphangiomas primarily involving the parotid gland is an extremely uncommon occurrence in adults. It is commonly diagnosed on histopathology. There are very few case reports in English literature, on role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing these lesions. Herein, we report on the cytological findings of a primary parotid lymphangioma in a 33yearold male patient. Cytological smear studied reveal small, round lymphocytes without atypia with occasional benign appearing salivary gland epithelium against proteinaceous background. In our case, the cytological finding along with computed tomography (CT) findings allowed the diagnosis of lymphangioma. The cytological diagnosis is as accurate as histopathology. Hence lymphangioma of parotid gland can be accurately diagnosed on FNAC in outpatient department, which is simple, inexpensive and routine procedure for rapid diagnosis. 

 Trichoblastoma is a rare benign adnexal tumor with follicular differentiation, predominantly comprising of basaloid cells and hence needs distinction from the basal cell carcinoma which is aggressive. We report a case of trichoblastoma of the nose in a 65 year old patient and discuss the morphological differences between the two tumors.

 The adult granulosa cell tumor clinically presents with symptoms of metrorrhagia or amenorrhea due to high serum estrogen levels and these patients may have endometrial hyperplasia in one third of cases and endometrial cancer in 10% of cases. We present a 70yearold female, postmenopausal having history of pain and mass per abdomen of one and half month duration. On ultrasonography it was right ovarian mass and fibroid uterus. She underwent abdominal hysterectomy, and on histopathology it was found to be endometrial carcinoma gradeII with adult granulosa cell tumor both ovaries. We report this case for its unusual clinical presentation, radiological and histopathological findings. 

 The present report elucidates a rich and unique profile of mycobial as well as phytodiversity of research area surveyed with two hundred seven angiospermic host plant species representing one hundred fifty five genera of sixty three different families being parasitized by two hundred forty three fungai representing sixty three genera. The survey and documentation has resulted more than twenty four new host records and twenty nine new fungal species to Indian mycoflora.

 Introduction: Automated blood cell counters have made it easy to quantify RBC, WBC and platelet parameters. RBC & WBC parameters have been widely studied with the introduction of automated hematology analysers but platelet parameters have started receiving attention in the last few years only. Most important platelet parameters are plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW). Platelets dysfunctions are common in CKD. The present study was conducted with the primary aim of evaluating the platelet parameters in nondialysis dependent CKD patients coming to our diagnostic centre. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in 100 CKD patients coming to our diagnostic centre from January 2015 to May 2015.All patients with a creatinine value of more than 1.5 mg/dl were included in the study. 100 age matched controls were used for the comparison study. Statistical analysis was performed by partial correlation test. Mean and SD of each platelet parameter was calculated for both patients and controls and the results were compared using students t– test. Results: In the CKD patients group, the mean platelet count was 264.4±91.3x 103/μL,MPV was 7.6±0.9fl, PCT was 0.197±0.066%, PDW was 16.5 ±0.9, creatinine was 3.968±2.676 mg/dl.For the control group, the mean platelet count was 299.6±99.8 x103/μL, MPV was 7.8±1.0 fl, PCT was 0.230±0.067 %,PDW was 16.5 ±1.0, creatinine was 0.908 ± 0.246 mg/dl. T test was done for the control and CKD patients group which showed difference in values of platelet counts, PCT and creatinine values in both groups while MPV and PDW did not show much difference. Conclusion: CKD patients do not show much variation in platelet parameters as compared to age matched controls. However, a much larger study is needed to confirm the findings. MPV, PCT and PDW are simple platelet indices reported by all modern cell counters and need to be studied extensively in a larger study for a definite conclusion to be made.

 Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common systemic autoimmune diseases. The aetiology of the disease, which affects up to 12 % of the world population, is unknown. This poor prognosis has led to an emphasis on early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. The routinely used diagnostic aid prescribed for Rheumatoid Arthritis is the serological test for the determination of rheumatoid factors (RF) in the serum. Methods and Materials: The antiCCP antibody kit used is based on an ELISA method. All the antiCCP positive cases were tested for Rheumatoid factor (RF) with turbidmetric immunoassay method. A total of 1024 cases were tested for Anti citrullinated peptide (Anti CCP). Of these 216 cases has been reported positive. Result: Positive AntiCCP was found to be most prevalent in the age group: 41 – 50 years. In females the positive percent is 77. 3 %. Of the positive Anti –CCP cases only 68 were positive for Rheumatoid Factor (direct test with undiluted serum). Discussion & Conclusion: This study emphasised the value of antiCCP antibodies as an early diagnostic marker of RA. The results are consistent with other relevant reviews. AntiCCP antibodies precede the onset of RA and their presence is indicative of the future development of RA, making early therapeutic intervention possible.  

 Background and Objectives: The technique of percutaneous renal biopsies is the cornerstone for our understanding of diseases of the kidney. Studies done on percutaneous gun biopsies performed under realtime ultrasound guidance have given higher diagnostic yield with fewer complications. The present study aims the spectrum of glomerular diseases which require renal biopsy and to correlate the pathological findings of glomerular diseases with clinical and laboratory parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 75 cases were studied over a period between 31072005 and 31072008 which includes 1 year retrospective and 2 years prospective study. The renal biopsy was performed by 18 Gauge Bard’s ‘bioptic gun’ under real time ultra sound guidance and a renal tissue ranging from 23cm was obtained. Sections were studied with Haematoxylin and Eosin, Special stains like Periodic Schiff Stain, Silver and Congored. Immunofluorescence was done where ever necessary. Results: The study showed that among 75 cases the majority of biopsies were of primary glomerular diseases in which focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was most common accounting for (25.00%) of cases followed by mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (22.03%) of cases. Among the secondary glomerular diseases renal amyloidosis (55.00%) was found to be more common in patients who presented with nephrotic syndrome and maximum cases were of secondary amyloidosis in which tuberculosis and chronic respiratory infections like bronchiectasis were common. Conclusion: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, mesangioproliferatve glomerulonephritis and amyloidosis of kidney were found to be common in the present study.  

 Not Provided.