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Triple X Syndrome: An Appraisal Under Review Study

Dhanesh Kumar Sharma , Dhanesh Kumar Sharma

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Indian Journal of Genetics and Molecular Research 9(2):p 57-61, October- December 2020. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijgmr.2319.4782.9220.6

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Dhanesh Kumar Sharma / Triple X Syndrome: An Appraisal Under Review Study. Indian J Genet Mol Res. 2020;9(2):57–61
 

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Abstract

The Triple X syndrome is an anomalous genetic condition distinguished by an extra X chromosome in each cell of the female body. This manuscript is prepared with the objectives of giving a better understanding and summarizing the current status of the Triple X syndrome cases and to be used by individuals to understand best about this abnormality. This syndrome was first identified in 1959. The Triple X females are usually with normal fertility and sexual development, so able to conceive children and lead productive lives. Mostly there are no any obvious physical differences other than often taller stature than average in these cases. In some cases the symptoms may be more apparent including developmental, psychological and behavioral problems and may lead to a number of other ill health including work, school, social and relationship problems like learning difficulties and delayed development of speech and language skills; decreased muscle tone / weakness / hypotonia and delayed development of motor skills such as sitting and walking; behavioral and emotional difficulties; seizures and kidney problems. For these problems they need additional support and assistance. The cause of this syndrome is an accidental event during cell division and resulted either during the division of the mother's reproductive cells or during the division of cells at the beginning of development of zygote. The Triple X syndrome is not typically inherited or run from one generation to the next. A form where only a percentage of the body cells contain XXX can also occur. Diagnosis is by the karyotyping or chromosomal analysis. The treatment may include the speech and physical therapy and the counseling. The prevalence rate of the Triple X syndrome is around 1 in 1,000 girls. It is estimated that 90% of those affected are not diagnosed as they either have no or only few symptoms. The parents should talk with a doctor about disquiets with the development of their daughters which will help girls receive an early diagnosis and interventions. The researches have shown that early treatments at younger age are more effective towards normalcy of life in the Triple X cases. Adolescents and adult women presenting with late menarche, menstrual irregularities, or fertility problems should be evaluated first for the premature ovarian failure and Triple X syndrome.

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Cite this article

Dhanesh Kumar Sharma / Triple X Syndrome: An Appraisal Under Review Study. Indian J Genet Mol Res. 2020;9(2):57–61
 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijgmr.2319.4782.9220.6

Keywords

Chromosome; Trisomy; Karyotype; Inherit; Superfemale.

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