Abstract

Mining sector is the second largest employer in India. Mineral sites are unevenly distributed in India. Most of India’s minerals sites are located in forest areas inhabited by tribal, backward and deprived population. It constitutes 2.5% to the gross domestic product (GDP); with infusion of reforms, there is ample scope for growth for this sector. Minerals are driving force for Industrial development. Coal, Iron, graphite, limestone etc. are some major needs of industries. The extraction of minerals has increased by 9% in 2016 from previous year and is estimated to increase by 3% more in coming year. The increasing rate of extraction has resulted in various ecological changes as well as also disturbed human life surrounding the areas. The acute health disease’s, nitrate and lead particulate matter in drinking water and dropouts have been raising concerns. Pradhan Mantri Khanij Khestrya Kalyan Yojana enabled DMFs to easily recognise sectors for fund allocation. Major Mining districts are reviewed to list out the effectiveness of schemes and establishment of PHCs, CHCs, Anganwadi etc. and in attaining sustainability in mining affected regions.

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