Abstract

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) not only imposes physical health challenges but also contributes to significant mental health concerns among affected individuals and families. Genetic counselling has been proposed as a key strategy for improving psychological well-being in high-prevalence regions. Aim: To explore the mental health outcomes of individuals and families affected by SCD, with a focus on the role of genetic counselling in fostering emotional resilience and coping strategies. Objectives: 1. To assess the association between genetic counselling and mental health outcomes in SCD-affected families. 2. To compare psychological responses and coping strategies among participants with and without counselling. Material and Methods: A qualitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in a high-prevalence region for SCD, including urban and rural communities. Thirtyfive participants aged 20 to 44 years were purposively selected, omprising one patient, one caregiver, one community health worker, two healthcare professionals, and thirty community members. Data were collected through semi-structured indepth interviews and analyzed using hematic analysis. Results: Among 35 participants, 32 (91%) who had received genetic counselling reported positive mental health outcomes, including lower anxiety, reduced overthinking, better sleep, and stronger coping strategies. They expressed confidence in decision-making regarding disease management and family planning. In contrast, 3 (9%) participants without counselling reported heightened stress, disturbed sleep, feelings of isolation, and helplessness. Preventive awareness was noted in 11 (31.4%) participants, primarily among those who had undergone counselling. Conclusion: Genetic counselling significantly contributes to positive mental health outcomes by reducing anxiety and strengthening coping mechanisms in families affected by SCD. The findings emphasize the need to expand access to genetic counselling services in high-risk communities to address both awareness and psychological well-being.

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