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Pediatric Education and Research 4(1):p 9-17, January - April 2016. | DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.4116.2
Original Article
Electrolyte Abnormalities in Children Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Keerti Deep* , Keerti Deep* , Arundhati Patil**
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Pediatric Education and Research 4(1):p 9-17, January - April 2016. | DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.4116.2
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Abstract
Serum electrolyte abnormalities are quite common in children who need intensive care. They have a significant contribution to morbidity and mortality. Electrolyte imbalance occurs frequently and should be looked for in all severely ill patients. Hyponatremia is of euvolemic type in almost all acute infection except in Diarrhea which can go undiagnosed clinically, presence of hyponatremia significantly increase the morbidity and mortality. Early detection and institution of rational therapy for hyponatremia should be done regardless of underlying disease. Careful correction of sodium level is warrented to avoid fatal neurological sequalae. In the presence of mixed electrolyte abnormalities, the risk is even higher. In general, CNS diseases, respiratory diseases and infectious diseases are more commonly associated with serum electrolyte abnormalities. SIADH quite commonly occurs in euvolemic hyponatremia, in respiratory and CVS disorders. There are no reliable clinical predictors of electrolyte abnormalities except in cases of hyponatremia and hypokalemia; and the signs of electrolyte imbalances often merge with those of the underlying diseases. In addition, electrolyte abnormalities occur commonly in an ICU setting. In view of these facts, a routine estimation of serum electrolytes should be considered in all patients getting admitted to PICU. Thus this study brings out the salient aspects of sodium and potassium abnormalities in severely ill, and focuses on the importance and need to recognize the abnormalities and acts as good predictor of morbidity and mortality in PICU.
Keywords: Electrolyte; Morbidity; Mortality.
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DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.4116.2
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