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Efficacy of Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Prospective Study

Prajwal Patel H.S , Sarvesh. B1 , Prajwal Patel HS2 , Shivaramu BT3

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 6(2):p 632-638, MARCH-APRIL 2019. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.6219.40

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Sarvesh. B, Prajwal Patel HS, Shivaramu BT. Efficacy of Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Prospective Study. Indian J Anesth Analg. 2019;6(2):632-638.

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Abstract

Background and Aims: Supraclavicular brachial plexus block provides rapid onset and more consistent regional anesthesia, as compared to other approaches. We hypothesized that addition of clonidine to ropivcaine in ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block will enhance the quality of analgesia and prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing upper limb surgeries. Methods: This study included 100 patients posted for upper limb surgeries who were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 50 each. Group R patients were given 19 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine + 1 ml normal saline and Group RC were given 19 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine with 0.5 µg/kg clonidine in 1 ml NS. Chi-square test was used to analyse categorical data and student’s t-test was used to analyse quantitative data. Results: The onset of sensorimotor block was earlier in Group RC (4.03 ± 0.18 min for sensory block and 9.18 ± 0.11 min for motor block) than in Group R (5.23 ± 0.18 min for sensory block and 11.37 ± 0.44 min for motor block). Both sensory and motor block duration were significantly prolonged by clonidine (p value < 0.0001). The duration of analgesia was also prolonged in Group RC 848.31 ± 5.59 as compared to Group R 596.12 ± 3.79 (p < 0.0001). None of the patients in either group observed any adverse effects. Conclusion: Addition of Clonidine to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block results in faster onset and prolonged duration of sensory, motor blockade and postoperative analgesia without any significant adverse effects.

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Sarvesh. B, Prajwal Patel HS, Shivaramu BT. Efficacy of Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Prospective Study. Indian J Anesth Analg. 2019;6(2):632-638.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.6219.40

Keywords

Ultrasound; Clonidine; ropivacine 0.75%; supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

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