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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia

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Effect of Clonidine Given by Three Different Routes as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia

Geeta Karki, Flat No. A-1, Doctor’s Residence, SRMS IMS, Bhojipura, Bareilly, U.P -243202. , Karki Geeta* , Singh Vishwadeep* , Sharma Kailash Chandra**

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 4(2):p 501-507, April - June 2017. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.4217.24

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Abstract

Context: Spinal anaesthesia is the most common method of regional anaesthesia used for lower limb and abdominal surgeries below umbilicus.There is always interest in finding adjuvants that prolong the duration of anaesthesia and analgesia. Aims: To evaluate whether clonidine when given by three different routes- oral, intrathecal and intravenous, has any effect on spinal anaesthesia. Settings and Design: The study was a prospective, case control study conducted in the deparment of Anaesthesiology. Methods and Materials: All the patients posted for surgery under spinal anaesthesia and who met the selection criteria were randomly then divided into four groups of 30 patients. Group I: Spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine 3ml. Group II: Spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine 3 ml + oral clonidine 3µg/kg. Group III: Spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine 3 ml + inrathecal clonidine 75 µg. Group IV: Spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine 3 ml + intravenous clonidine 3µg/kg. Statistical Analysis: Computer software SPSS version 20 was used for the statistical analysis of the data. For analysis Chi square test and one way ANOVA with bonferroni was used. Results: The onset of  sensory and motor block was earlier in oral, intrathecal and intravenous clonidine group as compared to control group. The duration of motor block was longer in oral (154.52±12.18 min), intrathecal ( 168.80± 7.46 min) and intravenous ( 215.63±26.26 min) clonidine group as compared to control group (149.25±26.42min). Demand for analgesia was delayed in oral(295.81± 10.32min),intrathecal (364.80± 6.69min) and intravenous group(571.31±8.86min) as compared to the control group(137.50± 30.63min). Conclusion: Clonidine is a good alternative to opioids as adjuvant to bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.4217.24

Keywords

Spinal Anaesthesia; Adjuvant. Clonidine; Bupivacaine; Sensory Anaesthesia; Analgesia.

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