Abstract

Objectives: I Assessment i. Assess the existing practices of waste management system in selected villages. ii. Explore the current reusable energy sources, recycling products and byproducts. iii. Identify the waste disposal reached points and check the environmental health hazards. iv. Survey and screen the health hazards illness of people and prepare the report. v. Provide and refer the health care services based on needs and problems. vi. Write report regarding the needs and issues in selected villages of Punjab state.

Methods & Materials: Qualitative approach of Observational field notes was used to assess the current practices of villages of Khumna and Khanian. The investigator interviewed Sarpanch (Panchayat President) with translator of Punjabi of each village, with Panchayat President Approval.

Results: The researcher visited the villages and interacted with people and the details is narrated with photographs of Khumna. The village have open drainage system and few places obstructed the drainage, mosquitoes breeding may be for long times happened. People are managing with mosquitoes repellents with cow dung smoke at evening in their house premises to control and prevent health issues. The waste disposable is in road side dumping or the spaces anywhere throwing are the real practices existing; there are no facilities to follow waste management of using different dust bins for disposable and regular collecting waste and in different streets. No sanitary workers and other Government schemes of benefits not reached to this village. This village has Primary school and Primary Health Centre for their use. In this village cattle’s are living around 300. The cow dung used for manure and dry cow dung named Guhara for fuel use. This village is practicing open drainage system and maintaining somewhat cleanliness. Sanitary worker arranged by their own to disposable of waste in weekly 2 or 3 times. The villagers are paying money for sanitary worker who is residing from the same village.When the observation of waste disposable, the road side dumping is commonly seen and plastics wastes are found everywhere in village. It is affecting the cultivating land, pollution of air and water sources.

Discussion: The investigator observed the village practices of Waste Management with check list of current waste management system and Drainage facility of the 2 villages. There is no appropriate waste and re use management system and open drainage system is existing and road side dumping is regular practice of this two villages. Based on observation a basic equipments of Wet Composter Machines, Plastic Scrab Grinder Machine and Municipality Solid Waste Plant is required for a village to keep clean. For all equipments to keep and function on a unit of minimum 2400 square feet is required for shelter of each village.

Conclusion: Eco friendly models for basic equipment of wet composting, plastic scrap grinder machine, municipality solid waste trommel plant and plan of construction unit to install equipment, manpower requirements and the cost of implementation of each equipment described in brief. If once the unit establishes it may collaborate with available Government existing sanitary workers to continue the unit as permanent salary basis. The use of TWaRUM and EFEM the sanitary workers, families children they will follow right practice of segregating waste disposable for long time, it will continue throughout their life time. The Government will implement such a system in all the villages, cities in India to maintain good waste management system.

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