Abstract

Water, the essence of life, is vital for the existence of all organisms. However, our interaction with water faces significant challenges. As society progresses, our methods of obtaining and using water have evolved. We have shifted from natural water sources to the convenience of tap water and now rely heavily on bottled water. The widespread consumption of bottled water, treated with reverse osmosis and supplemented with minerals, presents a paradox. Despite being marketed as healthier, it may lead to mineral deficiencies due to the removal of essential elements like sodium, potassium, and lithium. The absence of lithium, once known for inducing drowsiness but now linked to insomnia, is of particular concern. Research has revealed the presence of harmful microplastics in plastic bottled water, posing health risks. Despite initial health benefits, plastic bottles have become ubiquitous, harbouring health hazards for users, including celebrities and travellers. Mismanagement of water resources is evident in water-stressed cities like South Africa and Bengaluru, emphasizing the need for conservation. To address these challenges, we must shift our approach. Transitioning to UV filtration, promoting reusable non-plastic bottles, and providing purified water in refillable glass containers are crucial steps. Failing to act risks worsening health and environmental issues, underscoring the urgency of embracing change for the well-being of current and future generations

• 1.   Ahmed, A., & Carver, S. (2023). Evaluating the effectiveness of plastic bottle bans. Journal of Environmental Policy, 45(3), 201-219.
• 2.   Ali, M., & Khalid, R. (2019). Graphene-based materials for advanced water purification. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(7), 405-417.
• 3.   Banerjee,S.& Khan,D. (2020). Revitalizing ancient Indian clay utensils and its impact on health. International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods, 8(7), 357-360.
• 4.   Banerjee, S.,& Khan, D. (2021). Mass tourism, its challenges and sustainability: A study on Santiniketan. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 7(1), 219-223.
• 5.   Banerjee, S.,& Khan, D. (2021). Past and present of Bengali’s kitchen through the ages of History and its compatibility with health. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 9(5), j884-j901.
• 6.   Banerjee. S., &Khan, D.(2020). Food for life or miasma – a study on hot food in plastic container. International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science,2(7), 1173- 1177.
• 7.   Brown, T., & Larson, K. (2022). The benefits of adopting reusable water bottles. Sustainable Living Review, 8(4), 145-162.
• 8.   Carter, R., & McDonald, S. (2022). Factors influencing consumer choice of bottled water. Consumer Studies Quarterly, 17(2), 89-104.
• 9.   Chen, J., & Yeo, L. (2021). Comparing reverse osmosis and UV filtration technologies. Water Purification Journal, 12(5), 311-326.
• 10.   Clarke, J., & Davis, M. (2018). Bottled water regulation: Public health and environmental impacts. Policy and Environment Journal, 22(1), 78-94.
• 11.   Cohen, R., et al. (2020). Microplastics in bottled water. Environmental Pollution, 258, 113-124.
• 12.   Danopoulos, E., et al. (2020). Synthetic polymer contamination in bottled water. Scientific Reports, 10, 15285.
• 13.   Eriksen, M., et al. (2018). Global trends in environmental regulations and sustainability. Environmental Policy Review, 31(3), 367-384.
• 14.   Fang, Y., & Chen, Z. (2021). Novel composite membranes for water purification. Journal of Membrane Science, 614, 118-134.
• 15.   Garcia, A., & Wei, L. (2021). Environmental impact of plastic bottle waste. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(6), 3452-3465.
• 16.   Gupta,R.K.; Khan, D., & Ghosh, P.(2020). A Study on the customers’ perception of different children’s health drinks. South Asian Journal of Marketing and Management Research, 10(9), 29-39.
• 17.   Gupta, S., & Singh, A. (2018). Carbon nanotube membranes for water purification. Nanotechnology Today, 12(2), 87-102.
• 18.   Jamieson, A., & White, R. (2020). Consumer preferences for bottled versus tap water. Field Studies in Consumer Behaviour, 15(1), 54-71.
• 19.   Johnson, L., & Ward, P. (2019). Economic sustainability of bottled water in urban areas. Urban Economics Journal, 13(4), 412-429.
• 20.   Kalin, S., & Sukanya, T. (2021). Reverse osmosis water filtration and mineral deficiencies. Journal of Health and Nutrition, 14(2), 223-237.
• 21.   Khan, D., & Banerjee, S. (2020).An Alternative Approach to Waste Management: A Study on Toothpaste. Indian Journal of Waste Management, 4(1), 15-18.
• 22.   Khan,D., & Banerjee, S. (2022).Impact of supply chain management in sustainable development of tourism- a study on Santiniketan. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 3(6), 1606-1611.
• 23.   Khan, D., & Gupta, R.K. (2023). Production optimization with the maintenance of environmental sustainability based on multicriteria decision analysis. Environment Development and Sustainability,https://doi. org/10.1007/s10668-023-03316-8.
• 24.   Khan, M., & Banerjee, S. (2020). Better waste management practices. Environmental Management Journal, 19(3), 288-303.
• 25.   Kim, D., & Lee, H. (2019). Smart bottle technologies for sustainable consumption. Technology in Society, 24(3), 198-215.
• 26.   Lee, J., & Park, K. (2021). Economic dynamics of the bottled water market. Market Analysis Review, 26(4), 789-805.
• 27.   Lopez, J., & Kim, Y. (2020). Emerging water purification technologies. Water Science and Technology, 40(1), 92-109.
• 28.   Mason, S., et al. (2018). Microplastic contamination in bottled water. Frontiers in Chemistry, 6, 407.
• 29.   Miller, D., & Carter, P. (2022). Economic impact of plastic pollution from the bottled water industry. Environmental Economics Journal, 33(2), 229-245.
• 30.   O’Connor, M., & Hansen, E. (2023). Behavioural interventions to reduce plastic bottled water consumption. Consumer Education Journal, 19(1), 67-85.
• 31.   Patel, S., & Williams, J. (2022). Lifecycle analysis of plastic water bottles. Journal of Sustainable Practices, 16(3), 244-260.
• 32.   Pivokonsky, M., et al. (2018). Occurrence of microplastics in raw and treated drinking water. Science of the Total Environment, 643, 1644-1651.
• 33.   Roberts, J., & Taylor, L. (2023). Economic implications of bottled water consumption on public health. Public Health Economics Journal, 21(2), 176-192.
• 34.   Roser-Renouf, C., & Maibach, E. (2017). Role of policy in promoting sustainability. Environmental Policy and Governance, 30(4), 213-229.
• 35.   Singh, A., & Gupta, S. (2022). Advances in nanofiltration and UV water treatment technologies. Journal of Applied Nanoscience, 15(2), 139-158.
• 36.   Smith, D., & Jones, A. (2020). Cost-benefit analysis of tap versus bottled water. Journal of Public Health Policy, 33(1), 44-61.
• 37.   Thompson, R., & Langlois, J. (2020). Microplastic contamination from bottled water. Environmental Research Letters, 15(5), 505-517.
• 38.   Tran, D., & Nguyen, T. (2021). Consumer behaviour shifts from bottled to tap water. Consumer Behaviour Journal, 14(3), 97-110.
• 39.   Turner, S., & Neill, J. (2019). Success of bottle deposit return schemes. Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, 18(2), 201-220.
• 40.   Vickers, S., & Holland, T. (2020). Policy responses to plastic pollution in the bottled water industry. Environmental Policy Review, 29(1), 65-84.
• 41.   Wagner, M., &Oehlmann, J. (2017). Endocrine disruptors in bottled water. Water Research, 110, 9-18.
• 42.   Wang, J., & Huang, R. (2018). Determinants of consumer behaviour in the bottled water market. Consumer Research Journal, 22(4), 311-329.
• 43.   Wang, K., & Huang, X. (2020). Advancements in UV disinfection for water treatment. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 46(3), 211-225.
• 44.   Wilson, G., & Graham, L. (2021). Global policies regulating bottled water. International Policy Journal, 18(2), 95-112.
• 45.   Zhang, Y., & Li, M. (2023). Economic costs of health impacts from plastic bottled water consumption. Environmental Health Economics, 31(3), 365-379.
• 46.   Zhao, X., & Liu, Y. (2023). Trends in membrane technologies for water purification. Journal of Membrane Science, 641, 118-131.

Data Sharing Statement

Funding