Abstract

Background: Stoma surgery involves the creation of an abdominal opening to divert feces or urine, commonly through colostomy or ileostomy. While often lifesaving, stoma formation can lead to several complications, affecting the patient’s physical, psychological, social, and financial well-being. Common complications include parastomal hernia, prolapse, retraction, and infection. Identifying risk factors associated with these complications is essential for improving outcomes. Aim: To study the stoma related complication, risk factors assessment which will include patient related factors and intraoperative factors and to see if any modifiable factors are seen with regards to these that could help change the patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE 1. To determine the incidence and prevalence of stoma-related complications • Identify the frequency of early (≤30 days) and late (>30 days) complications in stoma patients. 2. To classify and analyze the types of complications • Assess common complications such as ischemia, leakage, retraction, prolapse, parastomal hernia, stenosis, and peristomal skin irritation. 3. To identify risk factors associated with complications • Investigate patient-related factors (e.g., age, comorbidities, nutritional status). • Assess surgical factors (e.g., emergency vs. elective surgery, stoma site selection, technique) 4. To evaluate the impact of complications on clinical outcomes • Analyze hospital readmissions, reoperations, and prolonged hospital stays due to stoma-related issues.

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