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A Comparative Study of Spinal and General Anaesthesia on Maternal and Foetal Outcome in Cases of Elective Caesarean Section

Paritala Subbarao, Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, A.C.S.R Medical College & Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003, India. , Saraka Venugopal1 , Paritala Subbarao2

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 5(2):p 277-282, February 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5218.21

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Abstract

Background: International health care community is more worried about the rates of cesarean sections throughout the world. Cesarean sections are associated with temporary benefits but are associated with short and long term risks which can extend beyond many years after delivery and affect the health of the mother, child and future pregnancies. An ideal anesthetic technique, for minimizing the surgical morbidity among mothers and neonates has yet to be described in literature. Objectives: Hence our objective of the study was to compare the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on maternal hemodynamic status and foetal outcome by comparing the APGAR scores of the newborn. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted at ACSR tertiary care hospital for a period of one year.120 cases that fulfilled inclusion criteria were divided into two equal groups (50 each) and one group administered general anesthesia and other spinal. Maternal hemodynamic parameters were recorded and foetal outcome with regard to APGAR score at 1 and 5 minute interval was recorded. SPSS version 10 for windows was used for statistical analysis. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In our study, statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed in relation to APGAR scores of the neonates at 1 and 5 minute intervals. APGAR score readings were higher in general anesthesia group. Significant differences were also observed in readings of HCO3 and PCO2 levels between the two groups and patients in general anesthesia group were more tachycardic than patients in spinal anesthesia group. Discussion: To conclude in our study, we observed that umbilical artery pH and APGAR scores of neonates who received general anesthesia were lower than the neonates born under regional anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia is effective than general anesthesia, foetal outcome is favorable in cases of spinal than general anesthesia. This study can be further evaluated in cases of emergency cases of cesarean section which covers all the risk factors.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5218.21

Keywords

APGAR Score; General Anesthesia; Spinal Anesthesia; Cesarean Section. 

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