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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia

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A Comparative Study of Clonidine & Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Bupivacaine in Epidural Anaesthesia

Geeta Karki, Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243001, India. , Singh Vishwadeep1 , Karki Geeta2

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 5(1):p 48-60, January-February 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5118.8

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Abstract

Background: The introduction of adjuvants, have decreased the dose requirement of local anaesthetics, increased their onset of action, prolonged their action and improved the analgesia. Aim: To compare Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant with Bupivacaine in epidural anaesthesia Material and Methods: 90 patients of either sex, between 18 to 65 years of age and belonging to ASA Grade I & II physical status were divided into 3 groups with 30 patients each. Group 1: 20ml 0.5% plain bupivacaine + 0.5ml saline (preservative free), Group 2: 20ml 0.5% plain bupivacaine + 2µg/kg clonidine, Group 3: 20ml 0.5%plain bupivacaine + 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine. Statistical analysis was done using the statistical package(SPSS 15.0 evaluation version). Continuous co-varieties were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The qualitative data comparison were studied using the Chi-squares test. Result: Time of sensory onset to T-10 in group 1 was 10.02±2.6 min, in group 2 was 9.82±3.10 min, and in group 3 was 7.10±2.10 min.The time of motor block onset to bromage 3 in group 1 was 20.36±34 min, in group 2 was 17.80±4.08 and in group 3 was 14.50±5.18 minutes. The time of motor block regression to bromage 0 in group 1 was 152 ± 12.2 minutes, in group 2 was 226.42±26.17 and in group 3 was 248.70±28.40 minutes. The incidence of side-effects was statistically non significant. Conclusion: Clonidine and dexmedetomidine are good alternatives to opioids as adjuvant to bupivacaine in epidural anaesthesia.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5118.8

Keywords

Epidural; Dexmedetomidine; Clonidine; Bupivacaine; Adjuvant. 

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