RFP Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics

DNA fingerprinting, a revolutionary technique in molecular biology, has transformed the fields of forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research since its inception. This review explores the principles, methodologies, and applications of DNA fingerprinting, highlighting its significance in identifying individuals based on unique genetic patterns. The technique primarily relies on analyzing variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), which exhibit high polymorphism among individuals. Advances in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis have enhanced the accuracy, sensitivity, and efficiency of DNA profiling. In forensics, DNA fingerprinting has become indispensable for solving crimes, exonerating the innocent, and identifying victims of mass disasters. In medicine, it aids in diagnosing genetic disorders and establishing familial relationships. Despite its widespread utility, challenges such as ethical concerns, data privacy, and technical limitations persist. Emerging technologies, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) and CRISPR-based systems, promise to further refine DNA fingerprinting, expanding its applications in personalized medicine and biodiversity conservation. This review underscores the transformative impact of DNA fingerprinting while addressing its limitations and future prospects.

Disasters whether natural or man-made pose significant threats to public health systems, often resulting in heightened morbidity, mortality, and prolonged societal disruption. Effective public health management during such crises is essential to minimizing these adverse outcomes. In recent years, technological interventions have played an increasingly critical role in bolstering disaster preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. This article systematically examines the integration of technology in disaster-related public health management. It highlights key innovations such as early warning systems, geographic information systems (GIS), mobile health applications, telemedicine platforms, and data analytics tools that facilitate rapid decision-making and resource allocation. Drawing on real-world case studies from diverse global contexts, the paper illustrates how these technologies have been deployed to monitor disease outbreaks, coordinate emergency services, disseminate public information, and maintain continuity of care. The analysis also addresses the practical challenges of implementing such technologies, including issues of data privacy, interoperability, infrastructure limitations, and equitable access in resource-constrained settings. Finally, the article offers strategic policy recommendations aimed at enhancing disaster resilience through technology, emphasizing the need for integrated planning, cross-sector collaboration, and investment in digital infrastructure. By harnessing the full potential of technological innovations, public health systems can become more adaptive, responsive, and resilient in the face of future disasters.

Biophysics and biochemistry are fundamental disciplines that have revolutionized modern medicine by providing deep insights into the molecular and structural basis of diseases. Biophysicists employ advanced techniques such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and computational modelling to investigate biomolecular interactions, while biochemists focus on metabolic pathways, enzymatic functions, and genetic mutations. Together, these fields enhance disease diagnosis through biomarker discovery, imaging technologies, and biosensing applications. This review comprehensively examines the contributions of biophysics and biochemistry in diagnosing major diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. We also discuss emerging technologies, challenges in clinical translation, and future directions in precision diagnostics.

Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder and a leading cause of disability globally, affecting individuals across all age groups. This condition arises from a variety of factors including poor posture, sedentary lifestyle, spinal degeneration, and nutritional deficiencies. Effective prevention and management of LBP require a holistic, multidisciplinary approach. This paper explores the significance of ergonomic practices, dietary strategies, weight management, and regular exercise in reducing the incidence and severity of low back pain. Nutritional components such as calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, and anti-inflammatory foods play a critical role in supporting spinal health. Concurrently, exercise programs focusing on core strengthening and flexibility have been shown to enhance lumbar stability and prevent recurrence. Evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies supports the integration of lifestyle modifications into both preventive and therapeutic frameworks. By correlating these interventions with current research, the discussion emphasizes the need for sustainable, non-pharmacological strategies to mitigate the burden of low back pain and improve long-term outcomes.

Molar absorptivity plays a crucial role in clinical biochemistry assays, offering an alternative or complementary approach to standard curve calibration in spectrophotometry. This short communication explores its applications in enzymatic and colorimetric assays, facilitating the direct quantification of biomolecules such as NADH, glucose, cholesterol, and various enzymes. Advances in computational methods, including machine learning, have enabled the prediction of molar absorption coefficients, potentially enhancing detection strategies. Additionally, biosensors and optical detection methods leverage molar absorptivity for improved quantification in point-of-care testing (POCT). However, ensuring analytical accuracy requires rigorous standardization and validation of molar absorptivity values. Future research should focus on refining computational models and establishing standardized protocols to enhance clinical applicability.