Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

GIRD is a concept related to shoulder injury. It causes limitation in the range of motion. Shoulder joint plays an important role in throwing, serving or other activities related to shoulder. GIRD is an important pathology which should be considered for evaluation in sports palyers. Thus this clinical commentary speaks about this pathology GIRD.

Background and Purpose: The impairment of hand function is one of the most significant hurdles to independence after a stroke, necessitating the use of novel procedures and tactics aimed at boosting the functional recovery of motor skills after a stroke. A newer technique known as "mirror therapy" is said to alter neuroplasticity and is simple to implement. As a result, the purpose of this study is to see how well mirror therapy improves hand function in persons who have had subacute stroke. Methodology: Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee. Subjects fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included and informed consent form was taken from each prior to the treatment. A sample of 42 subjects within the age group of 40-60 years with sub-acute stroke were recruited in the study and were treated with Mirror therapy and conventional therapy. Pre and post intervention tests were assessed for Grip and release function of hand using Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) measures. Results: The study of pre and post intervention data revealed that the Mirror group improved significantly in hand function. At the post-test, participants demonstrated considerable improvement in FMA-WH and WFMT-WH. FMA-UE rose from 38.57 to 48.14 (p=0.000), while WMFT from 2.38 to 4.8 (p=0.000). Conclusion: The preliminary data indicate that Mirror therapy can be a valuable intervention to enhance patient rehabilitation; it provides a simple and cost-efficient therapy for wrist and hand motor recovery and improves grip and release function in subacute stroke patients.

Background and Objectives: Lower extremity injuries are commonly due to impaired balance. The best to assess lower extremity alignment is the Quadriceps angle (QA), it says the important variable and because it represents quadriceps muscles vector direction in frontal plane. The purpose of this study is to find a correlation between quadriceps angle on static and dynamic balance measures. Methodology: Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee. Subjects fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Informed consent form was taken from each of the subject prior to the treatment. A sample of 95 subjects recruited between 60 years and above. These participants were recruited using purposive sampling. This Correlation analytical study consists of Timed Up and Go Test And Berg Balance Scale for assessing functional mobility and Balance(Static and Dynamic) respectively and data was analysed using the statistical package SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc.., Chicago, IL) at p<0.05. Result: The result of research suggests that there is a Statistically significant with moderate positive correlation (p=0.002*) observed between Q-angle with TUG (which measure dynamic balance). There is significantly weak positive (p=0.095) correlation observed between Q-angle with BBSS values (which measures both static and dynamic balance). Conclusion: In this study, the effect of Q angle has moderately positive correlation with dynamic balance. A Q angle is weakly correlated with the static balance. That means quadriceps angle plays an important role in predicting injuries of lower extremity. This makes an important diagnostic tool during assessment of an individual, especially in Geriatric population.

Introduction: The term stroke was coined and introduced to medicine by William Cole in the late 17th century (Cole 1689). Physiologically stroke is an acute, focal injury of the central nervous system of a vascular origin, contributing to a local or systematic neurological insult. Stroke is one of the largest causes of disability, half of the stroke survivors have a disability and approximately one third of all stroke patients suffer from a severe arm paresis. Functional loss of upper extremity causes difficulty in performing activities of daily living and causes to become dependent. The main aim of stroke rehabilitation is to enable the highest functional independence level possible for individual and to increase the quality of life. Sujective: 30 subjects having radiological diagnosis of stroke were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Functional ability was evaluated with the help of UEFI and Fugl-Meyer score for paretic upper limb. The subjects of group A received bilateral arm training with conventional therapy and the subjects of group B received dual task training with conventional therapy to improve upper extremities function performance of ADL in stroke. The post intervention data was compared with pre-intervention data and improvement in the functional activity of upper extremity is measured. Procedure: All the participants were explained about the purpose of study. the subjects were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and then the baseline measurement was taken. An informed consent was taken from patients who were willing to participate in the study. Eligible subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. GroupA received bilateral arm training with conventional therapy and the subjects of group B received dual task training with conventional therapy to improve upper extremities function performance of ADL in stroke. The study was of 8 week, 5 days per week at department of physiotherapy in SMIH. onclusion: Bilateral arm training and dual task training along with conventional therapy both shows improvement in upper extremity function in stroke patients. But dual task training along with conventional therapy shows more improvement in reaching forward, grasping, manipulating objects and also improves other fine motor functions of hand after 8 weeks of therapy.

Background: Various exercises have been proposed to mitigate low back pain. However, no one particular exercise has been shown to be superior. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of McKenzie method and specific spine stabilization exercise on patients with LBP. Objective: Objective of this study is to find out the effect of McKenzie exercises and specific spine stabilization exercises in patients with non-specific LBP. Methodology: A total of 30 subjects aged 25 to 50 years were taken based on the inclusion criteria. And the subjects were randomly assigned to two groups; group A (n=15) received McKenzie exercises and group B (n=15) received specific spine stabilization exercises. Subjects were evaluated before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Each patient completed a self administered Roland Morris disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) to assess subjective disability as well as Visual analogue scale for evaluation of pain. Outcome Measures: RMDQ, VAS Results: The results showed significant improvement in both the groups. When McKenzie exercise and lumbar stabilization exercises were compared post-treatment, there was statistically significant difference in the outcome measures VAS and RMDQ score, in which lumbar stabilization group demonstrated more improvement. Conclusion: The present study concluded that lumbar stabilization exercise and McKenzie exercise yielded significant improvement in patients with LBP. There is significant difference in lumbar stabilization and McKenzie exercise in the treatment of subjects with LBP. And lumbar stabilization exercise is slightly more beneficial than the McKenzie exercises.

Introduction: Low back pain is an extremely common symptom in the general population affecting up to 85% and isthe most common disability in those under the age of 45 and the most expensive health problem in those between the ages of 20 to 50. Low back problems have been identified as the leading cause of disability and absenteeism in the working population (Goldberg et al., 1980; Haber, 1971; Troup, 1965). Nachemson (1971) Purpose of the Study: The purpose of the study is to improve the effect of treatment with pnf stretching and core stabilization control exercise than compared to McKenzie exercises for improving the low back pain. Methodology: 30 subjects having radiological diagnosis of low back pain were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Decreasing pain and increasing ROM of the lumbar spine with the help of VAS and SCHOBER test. The subjects of group A received PNF stretching and core stabilization exercise and second group B received with mckenzie technique in low back pain. The post intervention data was compared with pre-intervention data and improvement of ROM is measured. All the participants were explained about the purpose of study. The subjects were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and then the baseline measurement was taken. An informed consent was taken from patients who were willing to participate in the study. Eligible subjects were randomly allocated into two groups of group A received PNF stretching and core stabilization exercise and second group B received with mckenzie technique in low back pain. The study was of 6 week at department of physiotherapy in SMIH.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders of foot.   The pain and discomfort associated with this condition has a dramatic impact on physical mobility and function. Treatment of this condition is usually conservative; however, review of literature revealed no clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of any targeted treatment  for this condition.
Methods: The subjects were examined according to the evaluation Performa. If they  were found to be eligible for study. An informed consent form was taken. The subjects were assigned in to three different groups. In all three groups pre treatment session included
assessment of pain, according to VAS before the application of any treatment. This was a  comparative study which included 45 subjects with plantar fasciitis, who were randomly  divided into three groups. Subjects in group I had 15 patients received ultrasound, passive stretching exercises and kineso taping while subjects in group II had 15 patients received laser, passive stretching exercises, while subjects in Group III had 15 patients received passive stretching only. Patients were evaluated at the 1st day, 5th day and on 10th day using VAS  (visual analogue scale) for pain intensity. Results: A statistically significant difference in improvement was noted within the groups and between the groups in terms of visual analogue (p0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Ultrasound and passive stretching, when clubbed with Kinesio Taping method, do have significantly better effect on pain relief  in plantar fasciitis especially from day one itself, when compared with other two groups. Pain reduced in all three groups but methods used in group one much more effective in reducing pain in plantar fasciitis patients.

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