Journal of Psychiatric Nursing

This research was conducted using a descriptive study design for the assessment of attitude and expressed behaviour towards mental illness among adult population of a selected rural community of South 24 Parganas District, West Bengal by Ayesha Sk, Srijani Trivedi, Srabani Mondal, Yasmina Khatun, Susmita Kar, Rajlakshmi Das and Samapti Mondal with the objectives to assess attitude and expressed behaviour towards mental illness among adult population, to figure out the corelation between attitude and expressed behaviour towards mental illness among adult population and to analyze the correlation between expressed behaviour of adult population towards mental illness and chosen demographic characteristics. A quantitative research approach and a descriptive survey research design were adopted for the study. 50 adult persons of all genders of Bishalakshmitala, Burul, South 24 Parganas were selected as sample by purposive sampling technique. A structured interview protocol was used to collect demographic characteristics. Standardized tool the Community Attitude to Mental Illness (CAMI – 12) Scale to assess attitude and Standardized tool Reported & Intended Behaviour (RIB) Scale to assess expressed behaviour towards mental illness among adult population were used. The data were collected from 26.03.26 to 03.04.26. The obtained data were analyzed and interpreted through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical methods. It was found that 26% adult population were both in the age groups 18 – 29 years and 40 – 49 years and 60 - 65 age group accounted for a tenth of them. 86% of them were female and 14% of them were male. 40% of them had completed secondary level of education and 10% had completed graduation and above. 72% of them had no mentally ill family member and 28% had mentally ill person in their family. On the basis of attitude score the majority of adult population, i.e. 64% had moderately favourable attitude, 24% had most favourable attitude and 13.91% had less favourable attitude towards mental illness. On the basis of intended behaviour 88% had average behaviour, 12% had good behaviour and no one had poor behaviour towards mental illness. This study has practical implications for nursing care, education, management, and research.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood, characterised by a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with the child’s functioning or development. Globally it affects an estimated 5–8% of school-aged children, and Indian school-based studies report a comparable, and at times higher, prevalence. If left unrecognised and unmanaged, ADHD jeopardises the child’s academic achievement, peer relationships, self-esteem and family harmony, and it carries a substantial risk of comorbid conduct, mood and learning difficulties extending into adolescence and adulthood. Current best practice favours a multimodal approach in which non-pharmacological interventions—behaviour therapy, parent training in behaviour management, classroom interventions and psychosocial support—form the foundation of care, with stimulant and nonstimulant medication added for school-aged children with moderate-to-severe impairment. The nurse occupies a pivotal position across this continuum: as an assessor, educator, behaviour-therapy facilitator, medication monitor, counsellor and advocate, and as the professional who links the child, family, school and health system. This review article describes the epidemiology, aetiology, clinical features and assessment of ADHD, and then provides a structured account of evidencebased nursing interventions for affected children, including a sample nursing care plan and a discussion of the Indian context. It is intended as a practical resource for nurses, nursing students and allied child-health professionals.

This paper gives the overview regarding the ethical challenges among the modern community psychiatric. The paper considers in turn: a) Define the ethical challenges in modern community psychiatry. b) Core ethical principles in community psychiatry. c) Determine the ethical challenges in modern community. d) Role of community psychiatric. e) Strategies to address ethical challenges.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent difficulties in social communication and interaction, together with restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities. Its reported prevalence has risen markedly over the past two decades; the most recent surveillance data from the United States estimate that about one in thirtyone eight-year-old children is identified with ASD, and Indian community studies report a substantial, often under-recognised burden. Although reliable diagnosis is possible by the age of two years and the core features frequently emerge in the second year of life, many children are still not identified until they are four or five years old or older, delaying access to the early intervention that most strongly predicts good outcomes. Pediatric nurses are uniquely placed to narrow this gap. They have repeated, trusted contact with infants, toddlers and their caregivers during immunisation, well-child and growth-monitoring visits, in the community and in schools, and they are therefore ideally positioned to monitor developmental milestones, to elicit and take seriously parental concerns, to administer validated screening tools such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F), to recognise early behavioural red flags, to make timely referrals for diagnostic evaluation and early-intervention services, and to educate, counsel and support families while reducing stigma. This review describes the nature, epidemiology and early manifestations of ASD, the rationale for early identification, and the recommended framework of developmental surveillance and screening. It then sets out, in a structured and practical way, the role of the pediatric nurse in early identification, including a developmental red-flag guide and a discussion of the Indian context. It is intended as a practical resource for nurses, nursing students and allied child-health professionals.

Postpartum depression is a common mental health condition that affects women after childbirth and has a significant impact on maternal and infant well-being. Emotional disturbances during the postpartum period may interfere with a mother’s ability to care for herself and her newborn. The condition often remains unnoticed because many mothers hesitate to express their feelings due to fear, stigma, or lack of awareness. Nurses play a major role in identifying symptoms early, providing emotional support, educating family members, and ensuring appropriate treatment and follow-up care. Effective nursing management can improve the mental health of mothers and strengthen healthy bonding between mother and child. This article discusses the causes, clinical manifestations, risk factors, assessment methods, and nursing interventions related to postpartum depression among new mothers. The importance of counseling, family support, and community awareness is also highlighted.