Abstract

Tendon injuries characterized by chronic pain and functional limitation pose a big challenge in sports medicine and orthopaedic practice. The treatment protocols based on rest, physical therapy, and surgery do not seem to cure the root process involved in tendon degeneration, that is, it leads to long-term recovery periods and recurrence. Biologic treatments, including platelet-rich plasma, autologous tenocyte implantation, and stem cell-based therapy, are increasing their acceptance as promising alternatives that encourage tissue regeneration rather than symptom relief. This paper presents various criticisms regarding the use of biologics in the treatment of tendon injuries. It is discussed as to whether biologics are considerably effective, especially in safety terms. PRP has been dominant because it can easily be prepared and used to have acceleration of healing; however, its mixed outcomes arise because of differences in preparation technique. Stem cell therapy has potential indications for severe degeneration but is undependable concerning the stability of cells and the possibility of tumourigenesis. On the other hand, autologous tenocyte implantation is looking at restoring the tendon architecture but is not something that can be attempted with consistency and standardization. Preliminary promising results notwithstanding, biologics remain almost in the province of promises rather than acceptance since outcome data is often inconsistent and long-term safety seems a cause for concern. This article presents on the current state of efficacy as well as safety of biologics in tendon repair, enabling an understanding of the role for these in modern sports medicine.

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