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RFP Journal of Dermatology

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Study of Prick Test in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Raksha Patel, Professor and Head, Department of Dermatology, GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, Gujarat 390021, India. , Sonal Patel1 , Rima Joshi2 , Raksha Patel3

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RFP Journal of Dermatology 3(2):p 61-64, July-Dec 2018. | DOI:

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Abstract

 Urticaria is a fairly common condition affecting 0.1% of the population characterized by transient swellings of the skin. Chronic Spontaneous urticaria has multifactorial aetiologies including intolerance to food or drugs, infectious diseases, and autoimmune processes. Skin prick testing or SPT demonstrates an allergic response to a specific allergen. In conjunction with an allergy focused history, SPT can help to confirm the presence of an allergy to either food, inhaled substance or any other allergen. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the types of chronic Spontaneous urticaria with reference to etiology from history and investigations and to identify the specific offending allergen and excluding it to reduce the severity and frequency of episodes of urticaria and angioedema. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria of more than six weeks duration were studied. Skin test were performed according to history using Indian standard battery of prick test. Results: Out of 40 patients, 28 (60%) showed positive reactions to more than five antigens with maximum reaction to food (in 15 patients), of which sour and fermented foods were the commonest followed by dust and pollen (5 patients each), fungi (1 patient) and insect in 2 (1 each to cockroach & yellow flask) with 12 patients showing no reaction. Conclusion: Skin prick test is found to be a simple, quick and inexpensive method for identifying the causative allergen in a majority of the patients.

Keywords: Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria; Skin Prick Test

 

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