Abstract

Bhadrikadi Ghrita also known as Marmakshata Ghrita is an Ayurvedic herbal formulation specially indicated for pain management in Marmabhighata (Injury to vital structures). Standardization is necessary to ensure the quality, efficacy and uniformity of the products to get a desired action. No research work is carried out in this direction so this article highlights the standardization of Bhadrikadi Ghrita.
Objectives: To standardize Bhadrikadi Ghrita on various parameters, in order to assure its safety and efficacy.
Materials and Methods: The Raw drugs required for the preparation of Ghrita (Herbal Ghee formulation) were procured from KLE GMP certified Ayurveda pharmacy and the Ghrita was prepared as per the Ayurveda classical methods. The Ghrita was analysed for its organoleptic, physico-chemical, Microbial counts, Phyto-constituents and chromatographic analysis to meet the required standards at Central research facility, AYUSH approved central drug testing laboratory of KLE Shri BMK Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya.
Results: The analysed ghrita shown loss on drying (1.143%), Saponification value (292.10), Iodine value (20.827 w/v), Refractive Index at 40 (1.4563), Acid Value (1.560), Specific Gravity (0.9133), pH (6.00).TLC of Ghrita with mobile phase (Toluene: Ethyl Acetate) ratio (7:3) showed refraction value of short wave at 0.17, 0.23, 0.51,0.73 and Long wave at 0.06, 0.11, 0.15, 0.22, 0.28, 0.36, 0.43, 0.47, 0.53, 0.57, 0.73, 0.79,0.85,0.90. The above parameters can be taken as standard for
the analysis of the formulation.
Conclusion: The standardization of any formulation is depended on various parameters like physicochemical, Chromatographic and Microbial count standards which serve as preliminary quality index parameters. The obtained results can be kept as a reference for the assurance of quality control, which would further help in the establishment of quality standards.

• 1.   Vidyanath, Nistheshwar. Sahsrayogam. 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series; 2008. p. 104.
• 2.   Tripathi BR, Charaka C. Hindi Commentary of Charaka Samhita: Sutrasthan, Chapter 20, Shloka 10. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan; 2009.
• 3.   Lohar. Protocol for Testing of Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani medicine. Ghaziabad: Department of Ayush, Ministry of health and family welfare, pharmacopeial laboratory for Indian medicines; p. 124-126.
• 4.   Vidyanath, Nistheshwar. Sahsrayogam ‘Ghrita Prakarnam’. 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series; 2008. p. 104.
• 5.   Shastri A. Vidyotini T of BhaishajyaRatnavali Kustharogadhikar. 14th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana; 2001. p. 104.
• 6.   Amartya B, Krishanu D, Vikas S. A review on latest developments in the standardization of ayurvedic drugs. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Bio-Science. 2012;1(3):96-119.
• 7.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1, Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 2 / 2.9 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 8.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1, Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 3 / 10 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 9.   Pal RS, Mishra A. A review on dhatryadi ghrita. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm 2017;8(2):190-5.
• 10.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1,Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 3 / 11 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 11.   Boullata JI, Nace AM. Safety issues with herbal medicine. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Mar;20(3):257-69.
• 12.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1,Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 3 / 1.2 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 13.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1,Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 3/ 12 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 14.   Trease GE, Evans WC. Textbook of Pharmacognosy. London: Balliese, vol. 12, Tindall and Co Publishers; 1989. p. 343-383.
• 15.   Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part – 1, Vol – iv, First Edition, Appendix 3 / 1.3 Government of India. Ministry of health and family welfare. Department of ayush: Delhi – 2011.
• 16.   The International Pharmacopoeia - Ninth Edition, 2019 1.13 Determination of pH;1-2 ISSN 2017.01.
• 17.   Wagner H, Baldt S. Plant drug analysis – A Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas. 2nd ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer- Verlag; 1996.
• 18.   Egon Stahl. Thin Layer Chromatography. Springer publication; 2005. p. 124-241.
• 19.   Heftmann E. Chromatography a laboratory handbook of chromatographic and electrophoretic methods. 3rd ed. Princeton MJ: Van Nostarand; 1975.
• 20.   Roopashree TS, Dang R, Rani RHS, Narendra C. Antibacterial activity of anti- psoriatic herbs: Int J Appl Res Nat Prod 2008;1(3):20-8.
• 21.   Dhurvey Y, Kawtikwar P, Sakarkar D. Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Cow Ghee before and after Hydrogenation. Int J Chemtech Res 2012;4(1):185-9.
• 22.   Ewers B, Riserus U, Marckmann P. Effects of unsaturated fat dietary supplements on blood lipids, and on markers of malnutrition and inflammation in haemodialysis patients.J Ren Nutr.2009;19:401–11.
• 23.   Babalola Too, Apata DF. Chemical and quality evaluation of some alternative lipid sources for aqua feed production. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2011;2:935–943.
• 24.   TLC Atlas of Pharmacopoeial Drugs API-Part-1 Vol 1.
• 25.   Solid phase extraction of Ayurvedic lipid based formulation, ghritas and analysis of its contents by high performance thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry Issue Date Jul-2015 Publisher NISCAIR-CSIR, India IPC Code Int Cl 8: C11C 3/00, A23D,C11B, A23L 1/222, A47J 19/00.

Data Sharing Statement

Funding