Abstract

Introduction: Soil acidity is one of the environment driven factors impacting growth and productivity of rice crop. Because, leaching of base cations that causes soil acidic (lower pH), and enrichments of mineralized ions like iron and manganese in calcifuges (acid loving), mesophytic plants. Higher rainfall in summer especially in tropic and subtropics is influenced by elevated temperature due to anthropogenic activities causing climate change. Mathodology: Two laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of locally available bio-inputs viz., bay leaf, potato peel, and banana peel extracts on the physiological performance of some upland (Ahu) rice crop (varieties: Inglongkiri, Dehangi (tolerant), Lachit (susceptible), and Luit) under higher iron and manganese in acid soil conditions during the Autumn season (MarchSeptember, 2024). In the experiments, the treatments were viz.,100 ppm FeSO4 or 200 ppm Mn as MnSO4.3H2O as basal at vegetative stage (control), was kept constant. Along with this, treatments comprised of root dip before transplanting and foliar spray with bay leaf, banana peel and potato peel extracts (10% (w/v) separately at 20 days after transplanting. Natural soil without any treatment served as an absolute control. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to measure the strengh and direction of the linear relationship between two parametrs ranging from -1 to 1. Results: The studies revealed that seed yield was positively correlated with, panicle weight, panicle number per plant, seeds per panicle, test weight, HD grains, Economic yield, Biological yield, Grain Harvest Index under higher iron condition. In the other study, the application of 200 ppm of MnSO4 supplemented with aqueous bay leaf extract (10 g/100 mL) was found to be the most effective under higher manganese condition. Correlation analysis further revealed that economic yield had positive associations with panicle weight, number of panicles per plant, seeds per panicle, test weight, percentage of high-density grains, economic yield, biological yield, and grain harvest index but negatively correlated with sterility percentage. Conclusion: Among the treatments, bay leaf extract was the best and among the varieties, Dehangi consistently outperformed the other rice varieties under study ahhering the better physiological, biochemical, and yield traits.

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