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Postoperative Outcome of High Risk Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study

James Chacko** , K.K. Mubarak* , James Chacko** , Dhanesh S.*** , Sruthi Unni**** , Aparna Satish****

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 4(2):p 209-214, April - June 2017. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.4217.5

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Abstract

 Background: This study was to evaluate the postoperative clinical outcome of high risk surgical patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methodology: This retrospective study reviewed the details of all the 501 postoperative patients admitted to the ICU during a one year period during 2016. The data analyzed were the age and gender distribution, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status, surgical specialty, emergency or elective nature, type of anesthesia, inotropic and ventilator support provided and the clinical outcome was evaluated. Results: Among the 501 patients admitted to the ICU, majority were of the age 51­70 years with a male predominance of 56.1%. Majority of the patients were of ASA grade II, followed by III and IV. 79.7% were general surgical patients followed by urologic and ENT patients (5.9% each). 73.3% of patients were operated as elective procedure, and the rest were done as emergency. Most of the patients were operated under general anaesthesia (92.6%) and the remaining was administered regional. 9.98% patients required hemodynamic instability with inotropic support and 51.09% required ventilator support. The clinical outcome was graded as good (57.5%), fair (36.1%) and poor (6.4%) depending on whether the patient was shifted to the postoperative ward, concerned specialty ICU or expired. Conclusions: Increasing ASA physical status, hemodynamic instability requiring inotropic and ventilatory support was found to be bad predictors in the outcome of these patients. Choice of anaesthetictechnique did not have a significant effect in the postoperative outcome.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.4217.5

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Postoperative Outcome; High Risk Patients; Intensive Care Unit.

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