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Observational Study to Compare Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine 0.2% in Potentiation of Post Operative Analgesia in Caudal Block

Patel Jatin B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of Aaesthesiology, SBKS & MIRC, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India. , Tavri Sumeet B.1 , Patel Jatin B.2 , Mehta Malini K.3

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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 5(3):p 436-439, March 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5318.14

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Abstract

Introduction: Caudal block is commonly performed in paediatric anaesthesia for post-operative analgesia using various adjuvants. Aim of Study: To compare efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone in view of post-operative analgesia along with haemodynamic stability when used as adjuvant to local anaesthetic. Material and Method: After the approval of ethical committee, an observational study of 60 pediatric patients calculated using website http://openepi.com (2-6 years old) of either gender and ASA I and II scheduled for infra umbilical surgeries under general anesthesia allocated to 2 groups of which Group A received inj dexmedetomidine and group B received inj dexamethasone as an adjuvant to inj ropivacaine 0.2% (1 ml/kg) caudally after completion of surgery Haemodynamic parameters and pain score (FLACC) were recorded every 2 hourly upto 8 hours in post operative period. Rescue analgesia was given when score was 4. Total duration of analgesia was recorded. Statistical Analysis: Numerical variables were presented as mean and standard deviation while categorical variables were presented as frequency and percent. For analysis, unpaired student – t test and chi – square test were used. Results: The groups were comparable in demographics and haemodynamics. The mean duration of analgesia was similar in both the groups. The pain score in the two groups were comparable. Conclusion: Both dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of analgesia with no significant difference between them. Dexamethasone can be used as an alternative to dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in caudal block in paediatric patients.

 

 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.5318.14

Keywords

Dexmedetomidine; Dexamethasone; Ropivacaine; FLACC Score; Caudal Block. 

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