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Malaria Trends in Dakshin Kannada, Karnataka: An Epidemiological Review

Brig Hemant Kumar, Prof. & HOD. Department of Community Medicine A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka 575004, India. , Shubhankar1 , Brig Hemant Kumar2

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Indian Journal of Communicable Diseases 4(1):p 17-22, January-June 2018. | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijcd.2395.6631.4118.3

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Abstract

  Introduction: Malaria is a global health problem. Nearly 2 billion of world’s population is at risk of malaria. In 2016, there were 216 million cases of malaria and 4,45,000 of deaths. India is the poorest performer in the South East Asia. Though there has been a decline in malaria cases during last decade, India’s numbers remain a problem due to alarmingly low surveillance. India had 649 million population at risk in 2010 and reported 1018 deaths. Now, it has 698 million population at risk with 331 reported deaths. Dakshin Kannada, a city in Karnataka, has been relatively free from malaria until early 1990 but, since 1990, it has made a dramatic comeback accounting for highest number of cases in entire Karnataka during the recent years. Methods and Material: This is a record based retrospective study of last five years i.e. 2012 to 2016. The data was collected from the records of district malaria office to analyze the trend of malaria using indicators like API, ABER, SPR, PF%. Results: The data reveals that highest number of cases in Dakshin Kannada were in the 2014 (.7708) while the lowest cases were in 2013, (5314). Mangaluru was single largest contributor of malaria (94.76% of all cases) to Dakshin Kannada,. Conclusion: The study reveals a significant decline in all Talukas in Dakshin Kannada since 2012, except in Mangalore where Malaria burden continues to be still a major health issue and a cause
of concern and needs urgent remedial measures.


Keywords: Annual Parasite Index (API); Annual
Blood Examination Rate (ABER); Slide Positivity Rate
(SPR); Plasmodium Falciparum % (Pf %).

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijcd.2395.6631.4118.3

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