Abstract

Higher education governance is at a critical juncture, influenced by globalization, digital transformation, and growing demands for equity and accountability. This paper examines the key issues affecting governance, including regulatory overlap, limited institutional autonomy, quality assurance gaps, and resource constraints. It also reviews recent reforms—such as the National Education Policy 2020, international collaborations, and digital governance tools—that seek to enhance efficiency, transparency, and inclusiveness. Finally, the paper highlights emerging innovations in financing, leadership development, and stakeholder engagement, arguing that successful governance requires balancing institutional autonomy with public accountability and aligning higher education systems with national development goals.

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