Abstract

This narrative review explores region-specific complementary feeding (CF) practices and the role of traditional knowledge systems across six zones of India North, South, East, West, Central, and Northeast. Despite India’s cultural richness and availability of indigenous nutrient-dense foods, national data reveal that only 11.3% of children aged 6–23 months meet the Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) as per NFHS-5 (2019–21). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases and grey literature sources to identify empirical studies published between 2015 and 2024. A total of 30 high-quality studies were selected and analyzed to examine dietary diversity, frequency, food types, and sociocultural factors influencing CF. The review highlights regionally diverse traditional practices, including the use of khichdi in North India, fermented rice in the East, ragi porridge in the South, gond laddus in the West, wild greens in Central India, and fermented soybean and bamboo shoots in the Northeast. While many of these foods align with WHO feeding recommendations, their potential is often underutilized due to maternal illiteracy, poverty, cultural taboos, inconsistent health counseling, and growing dependence on commercial baby foods. Findings suggest that integrating validated indigenous practices into national IYCF strategies can enhance child nutrition outcomes. The review advocates for culturally sensitive health education, empowerment of frontline workers, and incorporation of traditional foods into nutrition policies. Harnessing India’s culinary heritage, alongside scientific guidelines, presents a promising pathway toward sustainable reduction of undernutrition in children under two.

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