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Journal of Global Public Health 1(1):p 5-6, January-June 2024. | DOI: N/A
Editorial
Evolution: Mankind with Microbes
Manjushree L. Arlikar, Purushottam A Giri
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Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)| This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. |
Journal of Global Public Health 1(1):p 5-6, January-June 2024. | DOI: N/A
How Cite This Article:
Manjushree L. Arlikar, Purushottam A. Giri. Evolution: Mankind with Microbes. Journal of Global Public Health. 2024;1(1):5-6.Timeline
Received : March 15, 2024
Accepted : May 23, 2024
Published : June 30, 2024
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major and evolving challenge to modern medicine, driven in part by the remarkable capacity of microorganisms to adapt to antimicrobial pressure. Humans and microbes have coexisted throughout evolution, with the human microbiome playing essential roles in digestion, metabolism, immune development, and overall health. The widespread and often inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in human medicine, agriculture, veterinary practice, and other sectors has contributed to the emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). Microorganisms can evade antimicrobial treatment through diverse mechanisms, including enzymatic drug inactivation, modification of drug targets, reduced drug uptake, and increased drug efflux. Their rapid reproduction and genetic adaptability further accelerate this evolutionary process. Therefore, conventional approaches based solely on developing new antimicrobial agents may not provide a sustainable long-term solution. This article highlights the need for complementary strategies based on antimicrobial stewardship, microbiome research, vaccination, probiotics, early-life immune development, and emerging genetic and cellular technologies. Greater understanding of host–microbe co-evolution and manipulation of beneficial microbial communities may provide novel approaches for controlling infectious diseases while preserving microbial–human coexistence. Interdisciplinary collaboration among microbiologists, molecular biologists, evolutionary biologists, and biotechnologists is essential for developing sustainable strategies to address AMR.
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Data Sharing Statement
There are no additional data available. All raw data and code are available upon request.
Funding
This research received no funding.
Author Contributions
All authors contributed significantly to the work and approve its publication.
Ethics Declaration
This article does not involve any human or animal subjects, and therefore does not require ethics approval.
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to the patients, their families, and all those who have contributed to this study.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
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Cite this article
Manjushree L. Arlikar, Purushottam A. Giri. Evolution: Mankind with Microbes. Journal of Global Public Health. 2024;1(1):5-6.
Licence:
Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)| This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. |
| Received | Accepted | Published |
|---|---|---|
| March 15, 2024 | May 23, 2024 | June 30, 2024 |
DOI: N/A
Keywords
MicrobesAntimicrobial Resistance (AMR)MicrobiomeMicrobial EvolutionArticle Level Metrics
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Timeline
| Received | March 15, 2024 |
| Accepted | May 23, 2024 |
| Published | June 30, 2024 |
licence
Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
| This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. |
