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Effect of Aquatic Therapy Approaches on Balance in Geriatric Population: A Scoping Review

Purnima Singh , Professor , PhD Scholar , Principal , Hosmat College of Physiotherapy , Laggere Bangalore 560058 , Karnataka , India

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Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal 14(4):p 163-170, October-December 2021. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/potj.0974.5777.14421.3

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Purnima Singh/ Effect of Aquatic Therapy approaches on Balance in Geriatric population: A Scoping Review/Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal. 2021;14(4):163-171.
 

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Abstract

Background: Apart from neurological disorders, musculoskeletal abnormalities, sensory dysfunctions, and loss of anticipatory control mechanisms directly cause impairment of balance and gait in elderly. It is suggested that various aquatic therapy techniques using laws of fluid mechanics offer an effective environment for improving balance in elderly. Objective: To conduct a scoping review of studies that assesses the effectiveness of aquatic therapy techniques on improving balance in elderly. Methods: The research was conducted in PubMed databases from 31 December 2007 till 30 December 2020. The PICO model was used in the selection of the articles. Studies: randomized controlled trials (RCT) or quasiexperimental studies or pilot trials.Population: elderly with/without neurological deficits, independent in ADL. Primary outcome: balance. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. The data was analysed and synthesized by two independent reviewers. Results: The methodological quality of NINE studies included in this review ranged from fair to good. Two studies found improvements in balance using Ai Chi as aquatic therapy intervention. There were significant improvements in the balance in the Halliwick method of aquatic therapy intervention group when compared with the control group in 5 studies. Similar results were found in 4 studies where BRRM intervention is used to improve Balance. Conclusion: There are scientific evidence regarding the positive impact of various technics of aquatic therapy program in improving balance in older adults and consequent reduction in risk of falls. However, future studies with more rigorous study designs and with more structured and outlined programs are needed to prove the efficacy of these methods in improving balance and risk of falls in geriatric population

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Cite this article

Purnima Singh/ Effect of Aquatic Therapy approaches on Balance in Geriatric population: A Scoping Review/Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal. 2021;14(4):163-171.
 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/potj.0974.5777.14421.3

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