Abstract

Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) remains a leading cause of morbidity, amputation, and health care expenditure worldwide. Nurses occupy a pivotal position in the multidisciplinary management of DFU, from risk stratification and early detection to wound bed preparation, infection control, off loading, and patient education. This paper synthesises contemporary evidence (2018 2024) on nursing interventions that improve ulcer healing, prevent recurrence, and reduce amputation rates. A narrative review methodology was employed, drawing on peer reviewed journals, clinical practice guidelines (International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot IWGDF; American Diabetes Association – ADA), systematic reviews, and meta analyses. Findings reveal that a structured, protocol driven nursing care pathway incorporating comprehensive assessment, validated risk scoring tools, advanced wound care technologies (e.g., moist dressings, growth factor therapy, negative pressure wound therapy), and rigorous patient centred education significantly enhances outcomes. Gaps in the literature pertain to long term adherence to off loading devices and the cost effectiveness of emerging technologies in low resource settings. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for nursing practice, policy, and future research.

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