Abstract

Background:Typhoid fever, caused bySalmonella entericaserovar Typhi, is a systemic infection primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Common complications include internal bleeding, intestinal perforation, cholecystitis, bronchitis, and osteomyelitis. Rarely, neurological manifestations such as cerebellitis and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) have been described.1,2 We report a rare case of a 20-year-old female with a prior history of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) who developed acute ataxia and bilateral SNHL following typhoid fever. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old woman presented with fever, diarrhea, and vomiting, followed by progressive imbalance and hearing loss. She was diagnosed with typhoid fever and started on oral antibiotics. Despite therapy, her neurological symptoms worsened. MRI and CSF studies excluded other etiologies, and audiometry confirmed moderate to severe bilateral SNHL. She received intravenous antibiotics and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), which improved her balance, though hearing loss persisted with only partial audiometric recovery. Conclusion: This case illustrates an uncommon post-infectious complication of typhoid fever and highlights the importance of early recognition and prompt management of neurological sequelae. Clinicians should maintain vigilance for atypical manifestations, particularly in endemic regions.

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