Indian Journal of Anatomy

Estimation of stature or height of a person is subject to variations during life due to muscular relaxation and elasticity of intervertebral discs but could be still valuable in identification. Stature estimation from dismembered body parts can be done based on the ratio of the body part concerned, in relation to the entire body. Many previous studies insisted that regression equation for stature estimation from various body measurements should be population specific. Since there is a need to develop a separate regression equation for estimation of stature from ring finger length for a particular population. So, the present study is undertaken with the aim, to determine correlation between ring finger length and stature of a person and to develop regression equation to estimate stature from ring finger length for both the sexes separately. The present study was carried in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ESIC Medical College, Kalburagi in collaboration with Department of Anatomy, AIIMS Rajkot. Total 140 students (70 males and 70 females) from ESIC Medical College, Kalburgi were randomly selected for the study. Preliminary data like age, sex and address were noted. Height, length of both right and left ring finger length of each student were measured. In the present study, stature shows good positive correlation coefficient with ring finger lengths. For males, Correlation Co-efficient of Height with Right Ring Finger Length and Left Ring Finger Length are 0.405 and 0.334 respectively which show moderate degree positive correlation. Similarly, for females Correlation Co-efficient of Height with Right Ring Finger Length and Left Ring Finger Length are 0.515 and 0.629 respectively which shows high degree positive correlation.

Background: Sinoatrial Nodal artery is an artery which supplies the Sinoatrial node, the natural pacemaker center of the heart, usually a branch of right coronary artery but also from left coronary artery in variable percentage in different population. Aim: The aim of the study was To establish anatomical origin of sinoatrial Nodal artery , from Right coronary artery or left coronary artery in Indian human cadavers.To observe relation of Sinuatrial nodal artery to the root of Superior Vena cava Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 64 formalin fixed Adult Human Cadaveric Heart Specimens of Indian population obtained from department of Anatomy, Sridevi Medical College, Tumkur and Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences B. G. Nagara, Karnataka, India. Specimens with gross congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. The coronary arteries were dissected for the origin of sinoatrial Nodal artery. Results: Out of total 64 cases studied, sinoatrial nodal artery was originating from right coronary artery in 34 (53.12 %) hearts, from left coronary artery in 17 (26.56 %) while in remaining 13 (20.31) hearts SA nodal artery was arising from both right and left coronary arteries. When it is arising from left coronary artery it is a branch of left circumflex artery rather than the main trunk.

Background: The nutrient artery of femur usually arises from the second perforating branch of profunda femoris artery. Adequate bone blood flow is an important clinical consideration, particularly during fracture healing, distraction osteogenesis and osteoporosis. Aim: The objective of the present study was to study the number, location and direction of nutrient foramen in the femur and also to determine the foraminal index of femur. Material and Methods: The study included 100 femur bones (46 right and 54 left) which were obtained from the department of Anatomy of a private medical institution. The number, location and direction of the nutrient foramina were examined in all the femur bones. The foramen index (FI) was calculated by dividing the distance of the foramen from the proximal end (D) by the total length of the bone (L) and then multiplied by hundred. Results: Majority of the femur bones had singlenutrient foramen (56%) followed by double (44%). Nutrient foramina in all the femur bones were directed upwards. The foraminal index observed in the study is 40.16±9.12. Conclusion: Single nutrient foramen is more commonly seen along the linea aspera of femur bone. Nutrient foramen is more commonly located in middle third of the femur.

Background: The morphology of foramen magnum has a critical role in posterior cranial fossa pathologies and craniovertebral junction disorders. Foramen magnum is of considerable clinical interest as the vital structures traversing it are compromised in several pathologies affecting the posterior cranial fossa. Aim: The objective of the study is to assess the morphometry of foramen magnum and to determine the antero-posterior diameter, transverse diameter of the foramen magnum and the foramen magnum index. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on the foramen magna of 200 dry human skulls that were obtained from the Department of Anatomy of a private medical institutions.Skulls with intact foramen magnum were included in the study. The skulls which had partially missing or broken foramen magnum were excluded from the study. The anteroposterior and transverse diameters of foramen magnum were measured with a vernier calipers. The foramen magnum index was calculated. The shape of the foramen magnum was also noted. Results: The mean antero-posterior and transverse diameter of the foramen magnum was recorded as 33.27 ± 2.1 mm and 27.13 ± 2.4 mm respectively. The average foramen magnum index was observed as 1.2 ± 0.14.The sagittal diameter ranges from the minimum value of 31 mm to maximum value of 38 mm. The transverse diameter ranges from the minimum value of 26 mm to the maximum of 34 mm. The most common shape of foramen magnum observed in our study is oval(30%), followed by egg shaped (21%), round (19%), irregular (13%) and hexagonal (11%). Conclusion: The present study provides the mean dimensions of foramen magnum in South Indian population which may be used as reference in analyzing the morphological anatomy of posterior cranial fossa.