Community and Public Health Nursing

  This article depicts and critically evaluates physical and mental health at different workplace environments. Several employees are exposed to work related physical exhaustion and mental agony and stress due to improper workplace environment like unventilated industrial buildings, poor infrastructure, improper facilities in offices, exposure to industrial wastages, environmental contaminants and lack of physical and mental health facilities. Employees working under such conditions with poor air quality, poor infrastructure management, heavy workload, lack of personal protective equipment and unhealthy management face physical and mental health related problems. Necessary precautions have to be taken in hazardous and stressful conditions. In relation to physical health; the hazards, occupational diseases, health screening and services, prevention and control strategies are dealt in length and breadth. Aspects related to mental health include causes, risk factors, consequences, warning signs
and promotion of mental health in workplace environment. To tackle physical and mental health issues maintaining a healthy lifestyle is very essential for the productivity, quality of life, physical and mental wellbeing. 

Keywords: Physical Health; Hazards; Mental Health; Workplace; Healthy Lifestyle.

Biometrics is the measurement and statistical analysis of people's unique physical and behavioral characteristics. The technology is mainly used for identification and access control, or for identifying individuals who are under surveillance. In the mid to late 90s there was often confusion like this in the media when "biometrics" was used by the security and the pharmaceutical/medical world. Biometrics covers a variety of technologies in which unique identifiable attributes of people are used for identification and authentication. These include (but are not limited to) a person's fingerprint, iris print, hand, face, voice, gait or signature, which can be used to validate the identity of individuals seeking to control access to computers, airlines, databases and other areas which may need to be restricted. Every medium of authentication has its own advantages and shortcomings. With the increased use of computers as vehicles of information technology, it is necessary to restrict unauthorized access to or fraudulent use of sensitive/personal data. Biometric techniques being potentially able to augment this restriction are enjoying a renewed interest. 

  A puppet may be a representational object manipulated by a performer. It is typically however not forever an outline of a person's character. During the process of animation a puppet undergoes a transformation, which is handled by one or more number of performing artist. Some puppets can be stimulated electronically. Puppets are manufactured from a good variety of materials. Depending on the impact the performer desires and the way it's used, a puppet is very complicated or terribly easy. In contemporary puppet theatre, puppets are generally referred to as 'performing objects, because there are numerous completely different varieties available. Puppets have been used in classrooms, homes, hospitals and care centers for fun and learning. They have been used as an educational resource for decades, and various studies have proved that they are very effective aids for entertaining and teaching 

Concept mapping is way of representing the organization of knowledge. It is a visual graphic, a web diagram for exploring knowledge and gathering and sharing information. Concept maps are two dimensional representations of cognitive structures showing the hierarchies and the interconnections of concepts involved in a discipline or sub discipline. It consists of nodes or cells that contain a concept or question and links. The links are denoted by the direction with an  arrow or symbol. Labeled links explain the relationship between the nodes, whereas the arrow marks describes the direction of the relationship. Instructors and students reported satisfaction from use of concept maps in the educational process. Teaching with the aid of concept maps has been incorporated as an innovative and viable teaching method in nursing education. 

  Background: Cleanliness is one of the most important practice for a clean and healthy environment. It may be related to public hygiene and personal hygiene. Menstruation is monthly uterine bleeding for 4-5 days coming regularly every 28 days from puberty till menopause in a woman’s reproductive life. Menstrual hygiene is neglected and people do not wish to explore this subject as it is still considered a social taboo. Good menstrual hygiene is crucial for the health, education and dignity of girls and women. Objectives: To assess the knowledge related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in selected rural schools. To assess the knowledge related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in selected urban schools. To compare the knowledge score related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in selected rural and urban area. To find out the association between knowledge score with their demographic variables. Methodology: This study aims to assess and compare the knowledge related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in selected rural and urban schools of the city. Total number of sample are 100 (50 rural and 50 urban) with the age group 13-16 years. A non experimental comparative descriptive research design is used with the quantitative approach. A non-probability convenient sampling technique used. Result: The present study showed that, in rural schools most of the samples i.e. 46% of the adolescent girls had average level of knowledge score, 52% had good and only 2% had very good level of knowledge score. The minimum score was 7 and the maximum score was 198, the mean score was 12.84±2.87 with a mean percentage score of 42.80±9.57. Similarly in urban schools 26% of the adolescent girls had average level of knowledge score, 62% had good and 12% had very good level of knowledge score. The minimum score was 7 and the maximum score was 20, the mean score for the was14.18±3.07 with a mean percentage score of 47.26±10.25. Conclusion: The present study shows that the adolescent girls belongs to rural schools has less knowledge than
adolescent girls belongs to urban schools. 

The aim of the study is assess the knowledge regarding revised national immunization programme among mothers of under five children in selected rural areas. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge regarding revised national immunization programme among mothers of under-five children in selected rural areas of the city and to find out the association between knowledge score with selected demo graphic variables. The conceptual framework of the study was developed on the basis of Pender’s health promotion model. Methodology non experimental descriptive approach was used. The study was carried out at selected rural areas of Nagpur. The sample comprised of 100 mothers of under five children in selected rural areas of Nagpur selected by convenient sampling. Pilot study was conducted on 10 samples and the tools were found to be reliable. Data collection was done from 4/12/2017 to 6/12/2017. Data was collected by administering a structure knowledge questionnaire. The result of this study showed that majority of frequency of mothers of under-five children found in that 6% mothers of under five children had poor level of knowledge score, 50% had average, 37% had good and only 7% had very good level of knowledge score. The association of knowledge scores with religion of mothers of under-five children. The finding of this supports the need of the health education for mothers of under five children in selected rural areas of Nagpur. 

Introduction: This paper presents correlation of family restriction and its effect on reproductive health. Context: Adolescent are the most vulnerable section of our society, specifically when it comes to reproductive health. Aims: To investigate the cross-sectional relationship between family restrictions and adolescent reproductive health issues. Settings and Design: In this study, we have queried various controlled personal and sexual questions to 250 students of age 15-18 yrs. Methods and Material: This study gathered questionnaire based information from  students of schools of Ranchi suburb, Jharkhand, India. Statistical analysis used: Parameters against which sexual questionnaire was examined are as follows: Ø Nature and syllabus of School Ø Religion and Type of Family Ø Time spent on TV and internet Ø Comfortable to parents and others. First, the sample will be described in relation to the independent variables, stratified for nature and syllabus of school, religion, type of family, comfortable with parents and time spent on TV and internet. Additionally, will be computed using crude logistic regression models for the associations of interest, as well as logistic regression models adjusted for all variables mentioned above and then adjusted for age, gender, with mental health variables analyzed separately and collectively. Results: Ø Adolescents from girls only school were more sexually educated and were least likely to be indulged in any reproductive health problems. Ø Participants who were comfortable with their parents showed lower anxiety and depression. Conclusions: Ø More restriction and regulations will have adverse effect on adolescents. Ø hildren who are comfortable with their parents are least likely to be involved in criminal activity.